Exam (elaborations)
BIO 182 FINAL EXAM ASU Questions And Answers Graded A.
- Course
- BIO 182
- Institution
- Arizona State University
BIO 182 FINAL EXAM ASU Questions And Answers Graded A.
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BIO 182 FINAL EXAM ASU Questions AndAnswers Graded A
What is extinction? - answer-The loss or death of a species
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What is mass extinction? - answer-A decline in biodiversity greater than the background
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extinction rate
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What is background extinction? - answer-Background extinction occurs when certain
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populations are reduced to zero because of normal environment change, emerging
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disease, predation pressure, or competition with another species
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How are mass extinctions detected and how many have been detected? - answer-
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They're detected geologically, and there have been 5 detected
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What organisms became extinct during the Pleistocene and Cretaceous and what are
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bpossible causes for these extinctions? - answer-Pleistocene: Wooly Mammoth, Giant
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bShort-Faced Bear, Dire Wolf, Giant Beaver, Shasta Ground Sloth, American Lion
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-Could be extinct because of climate change (warmer temps), human overkill
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b(predation), pathogens b
Cretaceous: Dinosaurs b
-Could be extinct because of asteroid (impact hypothesis)
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What is the evidence to support that there will be a 6th mass extinction? - answer-
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Modern rates of extinction are 100 to 1000 time greater than the background rate
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What is overexploitation? - answer--Any unsustainable removal of wildlife from the
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bnatural environment by use of humans
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-Harvesting of organisms at rates exceeding the species ability to replace itself
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-The dominant threat to marine species
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-Overhunting
What is habitat destruction? - answer-Terrestrial Ecosystems: Conversion agriculture,
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logging, development and urbanization
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Aquatic Ecosystems: Draining and developing wetlands, damming rivers
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Species area curve - As the land area decreases, the number of species decreases
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, What is habitat fragmentation? - answer--The breakup of large pieces of natural habitat
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binto small, isolated pieces
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-Can reduce a habitat to where it's too small to support a species
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-Reduces the ability of individuals to disperse from one habitat to another (could be
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bmore vulnerable to catastrophes)
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-Creates a large amount of "edge" habitat (Edge effects light levels, pollution, poachers,
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band competition)
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-The species most impacted by this are those that require large territories to find food
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How can an exotic species contribute to extinction? - answer--An introduction of a new
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bspecies, that could possibly become an invasive species
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-An exotic species could carry pathogens
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What are phenology shifts? - answer-*Related to global climate change*
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-Timing of seasonal events b b b
-Concern mismatch between organisms b b b
What are geographic range shifts? - answer-*Related to global climate change*
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-Organisms move into climates to which they're adapted b b b b b b b
-Concern for organisms in arctic and alpine regions (running out of habitat)
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What are consequences of extinction? - answer--Impacts productivity and stability, and
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bbiological communities b
-Ecosystem services b
-Could disrupt mutualisms
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What is resource use efficiency? - answer--When species diversity is high, more overall
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water is used and more photosynthesis can occur
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What is facilitation? - answer--Certain species facilitate the growth of another species by
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providing them with nutrients, partial shade, etc.
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What is a food chain? - answer--Connects the trophic levels in a particular ecosystem
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-Describes how energy moves from one trophic level to another
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What is the decomposer food chain? - answer--Made up of species that eat the dead
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remains of organisms
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What is the grazing food chain? - answer--Composed of herbivores (primary
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consumers) and the organisms that eat the herbivores (secondary consumers)
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What is a food web? - answer--Show the complex interactions of organisms in a
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bcommunity
-Food chains are usually embedded into more complex food webs
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