Exam (elaborations)
NR546 Total (PMHNP Psychopharmacology) Exam Prep Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
- Course
- Institution
NR546 Total (PMHNP Psychopharmacology) Exam Prep Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
[Show more]
Content preview
©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AMNR546 Total (PMHNP Psychopharmacology) Exam
Prep Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical restraints? - ✔️✔️-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in the chemical restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects
to the drugs used for chemical restraint? - ✔️✔️No.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed medications and the standing order for
chemical restraints is approved. The PMHNP and other staff are not liable if the patient has an
allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the PMHNP in selecting
medication for clients? - ✔️✔️-Genetic testing can assist by providing more information on how
clients may respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and metabolize medications based on the
cytochrome P450 system.
Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to determine the presence of an inherited
link for schizophrenia and why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the other does not.
When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't both persons develop the exact illnesses?
Studies of identical Danish twins found that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had a
50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the
risk? - ✔️✔️Both environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental health. Although
twins may have identical genes, their gene expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that should have been "off" for
one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the other.
central sulcus - ✔️✔️separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
frontal lobe - ✔️✔️associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking
1
,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
broca's area - ✔️✔️speech production
temporal lobe - ✔️✔️involves object identification and auditory signals
cerebellum - ✔️✔️coordination
wernicke's area - ✔️✔️speech comprehension
occipital lobe - ✔️✔️primary visual area
parietal lobe - ✔️✔️keeps us alert to what is going on around us
sensory cortex - ✔️✔️pain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex - ✔️✔️movement
hippocampus - ✔️✔️involved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens - ✔️✔️involved in the reward process
thalamus - ✔️✔️involved in sensory organ and motor command processing
striatum - ✔️✔️involved in complex motor actions, also links cognition to motor actions
limbic system - ✔️✔️includes circuits that are associated with pleasure and reward
basal ganglia - ✔️✔️group of structures involved in voluntary motor movements
amygdala - ✔️✔️involved in emotional regulation and perception of odors
corpus callosum - ✔️✔️controls the communication between the two brain hemispheres
white matter - ✔️✔️contains nerve fibers that connect neurons from different regions into
functional circuits
grey matter - ✔️✔️contains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue - ✔️✔️made up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum - ✔️✔️involved in complex motor actions and linkage of cognition to motor
actions
-main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help explain how gene expression is: -
✔️✔️influenced by environmental factors and how epigenetics contributes to the manifestation of
mental illness
2
,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? - ✔️✔️internal or external factors activate
portions of the genome that result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms
-activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when combined with the genetic risk,
results in the disease
-genes being on or off
-occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an abnormal gene or of normal
genes being "on" when they should be "off."
Types of epigenetic changes: - ✔️✔️DNA Methylation
Histone modification
Non-coding RNA
The potential legal and ethical issues impacting mental health treatment must also be taken into
account, including: - ✔️✔️-informed consent
-competence to make healthcare decisions
-off-label prescribing
Informed consent - ✔️✔️Clients have the right to receive enough information to make decisions
about treatment.
-must also be informed about potential risks associated with medications.
-have the right to refuse treatment
-cannot be forcibly medicated in non-emergencies. However, clients can be forcibly medicated if
they are violent toward themselves or others and when less restrictive methods have failed
Compliance - ✔️✔️A court order may be issued for a client to receive treatment against their
wishes if they are considered a danger to themselves or others.
-Examples: clients with schizophrenia or sex offenders
-Guardians can provide consent for clients who have limited cognitive capabilities or are
incompetent to make decisions
-PMHNPs are responsible for being knowledgeable about their state laws and abiding by them.
Off-Label Prescribing - ✔️✔️Some clients may benefit from the unapproved use of a drug for
symptom management.
-Example: many SSRIs used to tx anxiety and OCD but are not FDA approved for use in this
disorder.
3
, ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
-potentially raises ethical and legal concerns
-PMHNP must remain up to date with the latest recommendations for off-label prescribing.
Incidence of mental illness-what factors are increasing the incidence - ✔️✔️Psychological and
sociological factors
Lifestyle factors such as a client's smoking status, diet, exercise, history of medication
adherence, or history of addiction should be considered when prescribing psychotropic
medications
Adherence - ✔️✔️Persistence
-taking med over intended time period
Compliance
-taking med as prescribed
left hemisphere - ✔️✔️-speech comprehension
-word recognition
-grammar
-sequential processing
-recognition of detail
-conscious mental processing
right hemisphere - ✔️✔️-prosody of speech
-emotional modulation
-visual-spatial skills
-recognition of facial expression
-music
-abstract mathematical skills
-holistic processing
-unconscious mental processing
Pharmacokinetics - ✔️✔️the study of what happens to a drug from the time of administration until
the parent drug and all metabolites leave the body
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller OliviaWest. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77851 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now