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Unit 10 Task 2 - Sociological Perspectives
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Unit 10 Task 2 - Sociological Perspectives, was awarded distinction.
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Unit 10Explaining how sociological perspectives are applied to the understanding of health and
social care and how they contribute to the understanding of society.
Functionalism
Functionalism is society’s way of functioning we all play our part and we’re like a machine
and if one part breaks down the whole system breaks. It has institutions in society that all
contribute to society that makes society run smoothly, they also use methods of social
control to help control deviant group members, which also helps society. It exists in society
because everyone has their own role one example, is if a teacher isn’t in school therefore
the functionalism breaks because the student isn’t getting education. Functionalism is a
sociological perspective that views society as system composed of various interrelated parts,
each of which serves a specific function necessary for the overall stability and functioning of
the society. In functionalism, society is often compared to a living organism, with each part
contributing to the maintenance of the whole. Another example is that if a train is delayed
because of faulty lines that disrupted not only everyone that’s going to use the train but the
whole line is now delayed, and all passengers are affected which is also seen as deviant.
Lastly, Schools bring together individuals from diverse backgrounds and social classes. By
interacting with peers from different socio-economic backgrounds, students learn to work
and cooperate with people who are different from themselves. This helps to foster social
integration and cohesion within society, schools also play a role in maintaining social order
and control. They teach students the importance of obeying rules and following societal
norms. Additionally, schools often have disciplinary mechanisms in place to address deviant
behaviour and reinforce social norms. In a way Functionalism only exist in health and social
care because it stopped functioning in society therefore it can only exist if broken. For
example, if a train driver has to go A&E it disrupts functionalism in society however it makes
functionalism work in terms of health and social care because it makes the services run in
terms of his get diagnosis and treatment. Another example of functionalism exists in health
and social care is if there weren’t anyone that required help it would be considered some
type of deviance because they are disrupting the way that functionalism happens in health
care settings. Lastly, Functionalism exists because for people to function in normal society
they need to be able to stop functionalism in health and social care because their illness is
seen as deviance where in health and social care it needs said ‘’deviance’’ to be able to run.
The functionalism approach emphasizes that good health is essential to the functioning of
society and views the doctor-patient relationship as hierarchical. Everyone plays an
important role in society and contributes to its proper functioning, if someone is absent
from the role for an extended period of time, it can cause a domino effect that puts the
company out of business until someone else fills the position. Patients must play the “sick
role” for functionalism to work but at the same time they are being seen as deviant.
, Feminism
Feminism is the belief in equality between men and women, advocating for equal rights and
opportunities for all genders. Feminists argue that more equality is needed in society as well
as health and social care so that men feel more comfortable admitting their struggles and
seeking help and support without fear of prejudice or discrimination. There are three types
of feminists: Marxist, Radical and Liberal. Marxism feminists see women as oppressed by
capitalism and patriarchy, they argue that society cannot function unless someone is
responsible for family life, which is still seen as women's primary responsibility in society and
believe that women are exploited by patriarchy and think that it is the biggest division of
society. Radical feminists believe that men dominate women in society, for example, in
workplaces is not equally balanced between men and woman and they believe it is male
dominated, this is unfortunately still true; the pay gap is a perfect example of no matter
what position you are in workforces your male colleague will most likely get paid more than
you. Ciphr (2023) stated that even in female dominated work forces men are still favoured,
81% of men get paid more than women on average. They consider the socialization of
mothers and housewives to be an oppressive practice because it reinforces stereotypes.
Also, they want more inclusion in health and social care because jobs like midwife are seen
as feminine jobs and falls into said stereotypes. Liberal feminists believe that progress
toward equality has been made over the years, for example, Women gained the right to vote
and work to gain their money. Additionally, there was the Sex Discrimination Act of 1975,
which was put in place to try and reduce the sex discrimination that took happened in the
workplace which has been further supported by the Equality Act 2010 and this law protects
employers and employees from discrimination on the basis of gender or any of their other 9
protected characteristics. They acknowledge that there is still so much stigma over a
woman’s body for example Women are shamed for breastfeeding in public because of men
sexualising their breasts as well as how the government puts ‘pink tax’ on items such as
period products many people do not have pads or tampons because of how expensive it is
hence why some places give free pads and tampons. However, condoms are easily accessible
through things like a free C-card. Another example being the extreme difference between
male and female contraceptives, Woman’s birth control pills are several pages long full of
adverse side effects that include but are not limited to ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts,
blood clots, strokes, and heart complications. Whereas many male contraceptives don’t have
these destructive side effects which shows how little care pharmaceutical companies have
for female health. However, they also are aware that men have a stigma attached to them
that stops them from reaching out and getting health for their mental health. Priory (2023)
states that 40% of men don’t reach out for mental health support therefore, Liberal
feminists believe we should be a more open society and to make sure everyone is awarded
the same equal opportunities.
Interactionalism
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