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ABSC 160 Unit 3 Study Guide Latest Update Graded A+ Question: What is the primary focus of behavioral science in the context of ABSC 160? Answer: The primary focus of behavioral science in ABSC 160 is to understand and analyze human behavior through various psychological and sociological t...

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  • August 13, 2024
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ABSC 160 Unit 3 Study Guide Latest
Update Graded A+
Question: What is the primary focus of behavioral science in the context of ABSC 160?


Answer: ✔✔ The primary focus of behavioral science in ABSC 160 is to understand and analyze

human behavior through various psychological and sociological theories, including the study of

how individuals interact with their environments and the factors influencing their actions.




Question: What are the key components of a research study in behavioral science?


Answer: ✔✔ Key components of a research study include the formulation of a research question

or hypothesis, designing the study methodology, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting

the results to draw conclusions about human behavior.




Question: How does operant conditioning explain behavior modification?


Answer: ✔✔ Operant conditioning explains behavior modification through the use of rewards

(reinforcement) and punishments. Behavior that is reinforced is more likely to be repeated, while

behavior that is punished is less likely to occur.




Question: What is the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?




1

,Answer: ✔✔ Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to increase the

likelihood of a behavior being repeated, while negative reinforcement involves removing an

aversive stimulus to also increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.




Question: How do observational learning and modeling contribute to behavioral development?


Answer: ✔✔ Observational learning and modeling contribute to behavioral development by

allowing individuals to learn new behaviors by watching others and imitating their actions,

which helps in acquiring skills and understanding social norms.




Question: What role does cognitive dissonance play in shaping human behavior?


Answer: ✔✔ Cognitive dissonance plays a role in shaping behavior by causing discomfort when

an individual's beliefs or attitudes are inconsistent with their actions, leading them to change

their beliefs or rationalize their behavior to achieve consistency.




Question: What is the significance of the "self-fulfilling prophecy" in behavioral science?


Answer: ✔✔ The "self-fulfilling prophecy" is significant because it describes how individuals’

expectations about themselves or others can influence their behavior in a way that causes those

expectations to come true, thereby reinforcing the initial belief.




Question: How does the concept of "operant extinction" work?

2

, Answer: ✔✔ Operant extinction occurs when a behavior that was previously reinforced is no

longer reinforced, leading to a gradual decrease and eventual cessation of that behavior over

time.




Question: What are the main types of research designs used in behavioral science?


Answer: ✔✔ Main research designs include experimental designs (e.g., randomized controlled

trials), observational designs (e.g., longitudinal studies), and correlational designs, each offering

different methods for exploring relationships and causality in human behavior.




Question: How does the "Bystander Effect" illustrate social behavior?


Answer: ✔✔ The "Bystander Effect" illustrates social behavior by showing how individuals are

less likely to help someone in need when others are present, due to diffusion of responsibility

and the assumption that someone else will intervene.




Question: What is the purpose of a case study in behavioral research?


Answer: ✔✔ The purpose of a case study is to provide an in-depth, detailed examination of an

individual or group to explore complex behaviors, conditions, or phenomena that cannot be

studied through other research methods.




Question: How do reinforcement schedules affect behavior?

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