Fundamentals of Nursing
5 vital signs - ANSWER-respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - ANSWER-supply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ANSWER-to prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease circulatory fluid
volume by reducing aldosterone production
acute illness - ANSWER-rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea,
pneumonia, appendicitis
acute pain - ANSWER-rapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ANSWER-usually heal within days to weeks
Aims of Nursing - ANSWER-1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ANSWER-3.5-5
apnea - ANSWER-periods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ANSWER--listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ANSWER-respect rights of patients to make health care decisions
average blood pressure for healthy adult - ANSWER-120/80
axillary temp - ANSWER-36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ANSWER-benefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ANSWER-to block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac output
bradypnea - ANSWER-decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
chronic illness - ANSWER-slow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change in anatomy,
requires special patient education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes,
lung diseases, and arthritis
chronic pain - ANSWER-pain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts beyond the
normal healing period
, Fundamentals of Nursing
chronic wound - ANSWER-do not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ANSWER-established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers
during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
closed wound - ANSWER-results from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a fall, an assault,
or motor vehicle crash
Dehiscence - ANSWER-Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
desiccation - ANSWER-dehydration
dialysis - ANSWER-a mechanical way of filtering waste from the blood
diffusion - ANSWER-exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of lungs and circulating
blood
diuretics - ANSWER-used to increase urinary output
dyspnea - ANSWER-difficult or labored breathing
eczema - ANSWER-red, itchy inflammation of the skin; usually develops in early childhood, more
common in people w/ family history; treatment involves avoiding soap and other irritants and applying
creams or ointments if prescribed
edema - ANSWER-swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's tissues
establishing an effective nurse-patient relationship - ANSWER--reduce anxiety through therapeutic
communication, teaching, and acceptance
-remember that the patient has concerns and needs other medical ones
-communicate with the patient as an individual
-take time to learn about the patient being admitted
-provide for the family participation in all aspects of care
eupnea - ANSWER-normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four heartbeats
eversion - ANSWER-turning foot outward
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ANSWER-a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions, using
the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may
consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of patients
factors affecting body temp - ANSWER--circadian rhythms
-age and gender
-physical activity
-state of health
5 vital signs - ANSWER-respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - ANSWER-supply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ANSWER-to prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease circulatory fluid
volume by reducing aldosterone production
acute illness - ANSWER-rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea,
pneumonia, appendicitis
acute pain - ANSWER-rapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ANSWER-usually heal within days to weeks
Aims of Nursing - ANSWER-1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ANSWER-3.5-5
apnea - ANSWER-periods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ANSWER--listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ANSWER-respect rights of patients to make health care decisions
average blood pressure for healthy adult - ANSWER-120/80
axillary temp - ANSWER-36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ANSWER-benefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ANSWER-to block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac output
bradypnea - ANSWER-decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
chronic illness - ANSWER-slow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change in anatomy,
requires special patient education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes,
lung diseases, and arthritis
chronic pain - ANSWER-pain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts beyond the
normal healing period
, Fundamentals of Nursing
chronic wound - ANSWER-do not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ANSWER-established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers
during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
closed wound - ANSWER-results from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a fall, an assault,
or motor vehicle crash
Dehiscence - ANSWER-Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
desiccation - ANSWER-dehydration
dialysis - ANSWER-a mechanical way of filtering waste from the blood
diffusion - ANSWER-exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of lungs and circulating
blood
diuretics - ANSWER-used to increase urinary output
dyspnea - ANSWER-difficult or labored breathing
eczema - ANSWER-red, itchy inflammation of the skin; usually develops in early childhood, more
common in people w/ family history; treatment involves avoiding soap and other irritants and applying
creams or ointments if prescribed
edema - ANSWER-swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's tissues
establishing an effective nurse-patient relationship - ANSWER--reduce anxiety through therapeutic
communication, teaching, and acceptance
-remember that the patient has concerns and needs other medical ones
-communicate with the patient as an individual
-take time to learn about the patient being admitted
-provide for the family participation in all aspects of care
eupnea - ANSWER-normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four heartbeats
eversion - ANSWER-turning foot outward
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ANSWER-a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions, using
the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may
consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of patients
factors affecting body temp - ANSWER--circadian rhythms
-age and gender
-physical activity
-state of health
