HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
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HESI Pharmacology
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HESI Pharmacology
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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client
with hyperparathyroidism and
notes that the client's serum
calcium level is 13 mg/dL.
Which medication should the
nurse prepare to administer as
prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride...
HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
with hyperparathyroidism and Rationale:
notes that the client's serum The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to
calcium level is 13 mg/dL. 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hy-
Which medication should the percalcemia. Calcium gluconate and cal-
nurse prepare to administer as cium chloride are medications used for
prescribed to the client? the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a
1. Calcium chloride result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercal-
2. Calcium gluconate cemia, large doses of vitamin D need to
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone,
4. Large doses of vitamin D decreases the plasma calcium level by in-
hibiting bone resorption and lowering the
serum calcium concentration.
2. 2.) Oral iron supplements are 4. Orange juice
prescribed for a 6-year-old child Rationale:
with iron deficiency anemia. Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron
The nurse instructs the moth- by the body. The mother should be in-
er to administer the iron with structed to administer the medication with
which best food item? a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vita-
1. Milk min C. Milk may affect absorption of the
2. Water iron. Water will not assist in absorption.
3. Apple juice Orange juice contains a greater amount of
4. Orange juice vitamin C than apple juice.
3. 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed 1. Tinnitus
for a client with a diagnosis of Rationale:
psoriasis. The nurse monitors Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through
the client, knowing that which the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)
of the following would indicate can result. Symptoms include tinnitus,
the presence of systemic toxic- dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
ity from this medication? disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea
1. Tinnitus are not associated with salicylism.
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4. 4.) The camp nurse asks the 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to
children preparing to swim the sun
, HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
in the lake if they have ap- Rationale:
plied sunscreen. The nurse re- Sunscreens are most effective when ap-
minds the children that chemi- plied at least 30 minutes before exposure
cal sunscreens are most effec- to the sun so that they can penetrate the
tive when applied: skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
1. Immediately before after swimming or sweating.
swim- ming
2. 15 minutes before
exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before
exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes
before exposure to the sun
5. 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamy- 3. Informing the client that this is normal
lon) is prescribed for the client Rationale:
with a burn injury. When apply- Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for
ing the medication, the client gram-negative and gram-positive organ-
complains of local discomfort isms and is used to treat burns to reduce
and burning. Which of the fol- bacteria present in avascular tissues. The
lowing is the most appropriate client should be informed that the medica-
nursing action? tion will cause local discomfort and burn-
1. Notifying the registered ing and that this is a normal reaction;
nurse therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
2. Discontinuing the medica-
tion
3. Informing the client that this
is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than
prescribed to the burn site
6. 6.) The burn client is receiving 1. Hyperventilation
treatments of topical mafenide Rationale:
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase
of injury. The nurse monitors inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion
the client, knowing that which of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients
of the following indicates that a receiving this treatment should be moni-
systemic effect has occurred? tored for signs of an acid-base imbalance
1.Hyperventilation (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the med-
, HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
2. Elevated blood pressure ication should be discontinued for 1 to
3. Local pain at the burn site 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local
4. Local rash at the burn site rather than systemic effects. An elevated
blood pressure may be expected from the
pain that occurs with a burn injury.
7. 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for 2. Triglyceride level
a client with severe acne. Be- Rationale:
fore the administration of this Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels.
medication, the nurse antici- Blood triglyceride levels should be mea-
pates that which laboratory test sured before treatment and periodically
will be prescribed? thereafter until the effect on the triglyc-
1. Platelet count erides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3,
2. Triglyceride level and 4 do not need to be monitored specif-
3. Complete blood count ically during this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
8. 8.) A client with severe acne is 1. Vitamin A
seen in the clinic and the health Rationale:
care provider (HCP) prescribes Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A
isotretinoin. The nurse reviews and can produce generalized intensifica-
the client's medication record tion of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the
and would contact the (HCP) if potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A
the client is taking which med- supplements should be discontinued be-
ication? fore isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and
1. Vitamin A 4 are not contraindicated with the use of
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) isotretinoin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9. 9.) The nurse is applying a top- 2. Axilla
ical corticosteroid to a client Rationale:
with eczema. The nurse would Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed
monitor for the potential for into the systemic circulation. Absorption
increased systemic absorption is higher from regions where the skin is
of the medication if the med- especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
ication were being applied to eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and
which of the following body ar- lower from regions in which permeability
eas? is poor (back, palms, soles).
, HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions with Answers
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10. 10.) The clinic nurse is perform- 1. Acne
ing an admission assessment Rationale:
on a client. The nurse notes that Azelaic acid is a topical medication used
the client is taking azelaic acid to treat mild to moderate acne. The
(Azelex). Because of the med- acid appears to work by suppressing
ication prescription, the nurse the growth of Propionibacterium acnes
would suspect that the client is and decreasing the proliferation of ker-
being treated for: atinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incor-
1. Acne rect.
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11. 11.) The health care provider 3. "The medication will permanently stain
has prescribed silver sulfadi- my skin."
azine (Silvadene) for the client Rationale:
with a partial-thickness burn, Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an an-
which has cultured positive tibacterial that has a broad spectrum of
for gram-negative bacteria. The activity against gram-negative bacteria,
nurse is reinforcing information gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is ap-
to the client about the medica- plied directly to the wound to assist in
tion. Which statement made by healing. It does not stain the skin.
the client indicates a lack of
understanding about the treat-
ments?
1. "The medication is an an-
tibacterial."
2. "The medication will help
heal the burn."
3. "The medication will perma-
nently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be
applied directly to the wound."
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