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PSS EXAM 2 FINAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024/2025
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PSS EXAM 2 FINAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024/2025 What is the recipe of evolution? - ANSWERSVariation provides the raw materials (traits) Selection does the choosing Inheritability passes trait onto next generation What is a pest? - ANSWERSpurely anthropocentric viewpoint; → an organism o...

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  • August 13, 2024
  • 12
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • pss exam 2 final questions answers

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  • PSS
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PSS EXAM 2 FINAL QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS 2024/2025

What is the recipe of evolution? - ANSWERSVariation provides the raw materials (traits)

Selection does the choosing

Inheritability passes trait onto next generation



What is a pest? - ANSWERSpurely anthropocentric viewpoint;

→ an organism or population of organisms that interacts with human populations in an antagonistic or
negative way

→ pest outbreaks are largely the result of reduced complexity/diversity and domestication



What is the IPM pyramid and basis of IPM? - ANSWERSManagement, not eradication

Proactive, not reactive

Strong emphasis on:

- Monitoring

- Cultural control

- Mechanical control

- Biological control

- Sensible chemical control as a last resort



What is a degree day? - ANSWERSUnit of heat

Amount of heat that occurs in a single day

Drives the development of our plants and pests

1 degree day results when the average daily temperature is 1 day above the lower threshold

Species specific



Cultural controls for pest management - ANSWERSResistant varieties; strengthen plants

, Crop rotations; escape pests

Intercropping; confuse pests or attract

Sanitation; remove areas of refuge

Phenological asynchrony; delayed planting, early harvest, seasonal changes



Mechanical controls for pest management - ANSWERSTilling and cultivating

Hand picking

Fly paper/sticky traps

Small scale for insects, large scale for weeds

Physical barriers

Temperature extremes

Vacuuming



Classical biological control for pest management - ANSWERSthe introduction of a natural enemy of non-
native origin to control a pest



Augmentative biological control for pest management - ANSWERSSupplementing the natural enemy
population by releasing purchased natural enemies;

the release of additional numbers of a natural enemy when too few are present to control pest
affectively

Inoculation vs. inundative



Inoculation vs. inundative augmentative biological control - ANSWERSInoculative augmentation is when
a release of beneficial is made on the crops once during the season and the control is ensured for the
rest of the season by their offsprings.



Inundative releases are planned when the pests are only controlled by the released beneficials
themselves since future generations generally don't survive to control future potential pest outbreaks. In
that case, more frequent releases are necessary over the season



Conservation biological controls for pest management - ANSWERSConservation: manipulate habitats to
encourage natural enemies to control pests

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