A nurse obtains a focused health history for a client who is suspected of having
bacterial meningitis. Which question should the nurse ask?
a. Do you live in a crowded residence?
b. When was your last tetanus vaccination?
c. Have you had any viral infections recently?
d. Have you traveled out of the country in the last month? - ANS A ~
Meningococcal meningitis tends to occur in multiple outbreaks. It is most likely to
occur in areas of high-density population, such as college dormitories, prisons, and
military barracks. A tetanus vaccination would not place the client at increased risk
for meningitis or protect the client from meningitis. A viral infection would not
lead to bacterial meningitis but could lead to viral meningitis. Simply knowing if
the client traveled out of the country does not provide enough information. The
nurse should ask about travel to specific countries in which the disease is common,
for example, sub-Saharan Africa.
A nurse evaluates the results of diagnostic tests on a clients cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF). Which fluid results alerts the nurse to possible viral meningitis? (SATA)
a. Clear
b. Cloudy
c. Increased protein level
d. Normal glucose level
e. Bacterial organisms present
, f. Increased white blood cells - ANS A, C, D ~ In viral meningitis, CSF fluid is clear,
protein levels are slightly increased, and glucose levels are normal. Viral meningitis
does not cause cloudiness or increased turbidity of CSF. In bacterial meningitis, the
presence of bacteria and white blood cells causes the fluid to be cloudy.
A nurse prepares to provide perineal care to a client with meningococcal
meningitis. Which personal protective equipment should the nurse wear? (SATA)
a. Particulate respirator
b. Isolation gown
c. Shoe covers
d. Surgical mask
e. Gloves - ANS D, E ~ Meningeal meningitis is spread via saliva and droplets, and
Droplet Precautions are necessary. Caregivers should wear a surgical mask when
within 6 feet of the client and should continue to use Standard Precautions,
including gloves. A particulate respirator, an isolation gown, and shoe covers are
not necessary for Droplet Precautions.
A nurse is caring for a client with meningitis. Which laboratory values should the
nurse monitor to identify potential complications of this disorder? (SATA)
a. Sodium level
b. Liver enzymes
c. Clotting factors
d. Cardiac enzymes
e. Creatinine level - ANS A, C ~ Inflammation associated with meningitis can
stimulate the hypothalamus and result in excessive production of antidiuretic
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