1.5-adrenergic agonists and CNS stimulants
Terms in this set (113)
Original
what is the main purpose of the autonomic nervous system
to adapt to environmental changes via involuntary control of visceral functions
why is autonomic signaling slower than somatic signaling
it is lightly or unmyelinated
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for mydriasis and focusing on distant objects
mydriasis: a1
focusing: B2
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for an increase in mucosal/salivary secretions
a1
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for increased heart rate, conduction velocity,
and cardiac contractility
B1
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for bronchodilation
B2
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for the contraction of sphincters and
%
decreased motility in the stomach
contraction: a1
decreased motility: a2, b1
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for decreased insulin release
a1
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for increased insulin release
b2
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for increased glycogenolysis and
gluconeogenesis
b2
what receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for the secretion of EPI and NE by the adrenal medulla
Nn
what adrenergic receptor(s) in the SNS are responsible for increased urinary sphincter tone
a1
all pregang fibers in the SNS are _______
cholinergic
ACh stimulates postsynaptic ______ receptors, which then secrete NTs (usually ______ except for
sweat glands and vessels) specific to the target tissue
nicotinic; NE
when catecholamines are released they act on ______ receptors which...
, adrenergic; which when activated, enhances the effects of the SNS
NT released from all pregang fibers
ACh
NT released from postgang fibers in the renal vascular smooth muscles
dopamine
NT released from postgang sympathetic fibers that innervate sweat glands and vessels
ACh
the main NT released from most postgang sympathetic nerve fibers
NE
the NT that is the main excretion (80%) from the adrenal medulla
EPI
metabotropic receptors
-protein-G coupled
-respond to catecholamines
-can be inhibitory or excitatory
effect of increased cAMP
excitatory effect: increase HR, dilation of skeletal muscle blood vessels, breakdown of glycogen
____ is the only presynaptic adrenergic receptor
a2
describe a1 receptors and their functions
-coupled with excitatory G2 proteins
%
-higher affinity to NE than EPI
-pharmacological effects include the relaxation of smooth muscles, vasoconstriction leads to increase
BP, increase in peripheral vascular resistance, opposes anal and urethral sphincters (causes
retention), raises blood glucose (rather than tissue glucose levels) meaning glycogen is broken down
and insulin levels decrease, causes mydriasis
describe B1 receptors and their functions
-has higher affinity to EPI than NE
-found mainly in cardiac muscle
-increases the force of contraction (chronotropic effect), heart rate (isotropic effect) and speeds up
electrical transmission through the heart (dromotropic effect), metabolic effects included lipolysis and
increased ghrelin (increased hunger-> increased energy intake), increases renin (to raise BP),
increase insulin
describe B2 receptors and their functions
relaxation of smooth muscles, reduction of peripheral vascular BP, increased blood to muscles,
bronchodilation, reduced peristalsis and bladder and uterine tone (decreased bladder capacity),
lipolysis, increase in available energy by raising blood sugar, unlike a1 receptors they stimulate
insulin secretion which uptakes glucose, increase aqueous humor in the eyes
describe a2 receptors and their functions
-coupled with inhibitory g protein
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