STUVIA 2024/2025
1. Science
2. Medicine
3. Surgery
CH.3 The Skeletal System
Bones (prefixes)
oss/e, oss/i, oste/o, ost/o
Bone marrow (combining form)
myel/o (also means spinal cord)
ligaments
ligament/o
synovial membrane and synovial fluid
synovi/o, synov/o
acetabulum
hip socket -> which connects femur to the hip joint
allogenic
originating within another
ankylosing spondylitis
%
form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint
artholysis
the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint
arthroscopy
the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
autologous
originating within the individual
avascular necrosis
an area of bone tissue death caused by not enough blood flow
chondromalacia
the abnormal softening of cartilage
comminuted fracture
a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
compression fracture
occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
costochondritis
an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
craniostenosis
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a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
crepitation
the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone moves together
dual x-ray absorptiometry
a low exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips that measures bone density
gout
type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints
hallux valgus
an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe; aka bunion
hemarthrosis
blood within a joint
hemopoietic
pertaining to the formation of blood cells
internal fixation
a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are places into the bone to hold the broken pieces in
place
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
an autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 yrs. old or younger
symptoms: stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth and fatigue
kyphosis
%
outward curvature of the thoracic spine aka. humpback
laminectomy
surgical removal of a lamina from a vertebra
lordosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine aka. swayback
lumbago
pain in the lumbar region of the spine aka. lower back pain
malleolus
the rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint
manubrium
the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum
metacarpals
five bones that form the palms of the hand
metatarsals
the bones that form the part of the foot to which toes are attached
myeloma
types of cancer that occurs in blood making cells found in the red bone marrow
open fracture
a break in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin (aka. compound fracture)
orthopedic surgeon
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