NUR 3145 Exam 3 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 3145
Institution
NUR 3145
Intravenous Lasix should be administered slowly over ___ minutes 1-2 which type of diuretics can be given to counteract the potassium lowering effects of loop diuretics aldosterone blockers (potassium sparing) such as spironolactone describe the MOA of thiazide diuretics block reabsorption of sodiu...
NUR 3145 Exam 3 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Intravenous Lasix should be administered slowly over ___ minutes ✅1-2
which type of diuretics can be given to counteract the potassium lowering effects of loop
diuretics ✅aldosterone blockers (potassium sparing) such as spironolactone
describe the MOA of thiazide diuretics ✅block reabsorption of sodium and chloride in
the distal convulated tubule
describe the MOA of spironolactone ✅blocks aldosterone in distal nephron, potassium
is retained, sodium is excreted
describe the MOA of furosemide (Lasix) ✅blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride
in the ascending loop of henle
why are ace inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics problematic ✅both can lead to
hyperkalemia
what is the major indication for using a potassium-sparing diuretic such as
spironolactone (aldactone) ✅common use- to counteract loss of potassium when loop
or thiazide diuretic used
what are the clinical manifestations of electrolyte imbalance ✅confusion, muscle
twitching, weakness, irregular pulse, and nausea
when the baroreceptor reflex is activated in response to low blood pressure, the
arterioles ___ and the heart rate ____ ✅constrict, increases
list the causes of hypokalemia ✅decreased intake, diuretics, excessive sweating,
increased insulin, alkalosis
list the adverse effects of furosemide (lasix) ✅decreases electrolytes sodium,
chloride,potassiu, hypotension, dehydration
when is the best time to take a diuretic ✅early morning
which antibiotic, when combined with furosemide (lasix), can potentiate hearing loss?
✅gentamycin (aminoglycoside antibiotic)
, dehydration from diuretic use can promote thromboembolism. describe the symptoms of
thromboembolism ✅headache, pain in chest calves or pelvis, positive homan's sign,
erythema
what are the symptoms of ototoxicity? ✅hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo
what are the major adverse effects of spironolactone? ✅hyperkalemia, menstrual
irregularities, hirsutism, lowering of voice, and gynecomastia in men
when venous return increases, does cardiac output increase or decrease ✅increase
does HTN increase or decrease afterload ✅increase
how is intravenous lasix administered ✅IV push over 2 minutes
what class of diuretics is especially useful in patients with renal impairment ✅loop
diuretics
what is the potential problem when diuretics and digoxin are used together ✅low
potassium can increase digoxin levels to toxic range
what is the potential problem when lithium (a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar
disorder) and furosemide (lasix) a loop diuretic, are combined ✅low sodium can
elevate lithium levels to toxic levels
state three factors that determine stroke volume ✅myocardial contractility, preload and
afterload
what is the recommended infusion rate for intravenous potassium replacement ✅no
more than 10 mEq/hour diluted for adults
are loop diuretics used first line for the treatment of HTN ✅no, they are not preferred
agents
are thiazide diuretics effective in patients with decreased glomerular filtration? ✅no,
the patient requires a loop diuretic
which class of drugs attenuate the effects of diuretics ✅NSAIDS
examples of food high in potassium ✅nuts, dried food, spinach, citrus fruits, potatoes,
bananas
which age group is most prone to adverse medication reactions and interactions from
diuretics ✅older adults
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