SOCI 1111- Introduction to Sociology I
final exam complete solution Thompson
Rivers University
, SOCI 1111- Introduction to Sociology I final exam complete solution Thompson Rivers University
Lattice - --3d structure which represents a mineral and its unique combination of specific elements.
Halite (NaCl) - --mineral, that is also known as salt.
Granite - Igneous - --H: 6-7, S.G. 2.6-2.7, Streak: white, Luster: Dull to Grainy with Sporadic parts
Pearly and Vitreous
Color: Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White
Very hard, granular, crystalline igneous rock which consists mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar and is
often used as building stone
Ways rocks may form - --Igneous: forms from magma that has either cooled slowly under ground or
cooled quickly at the surface after a volcanic eruption
Sedimentary rocks: formed when weathered fragments fo other rocks are buried, compressed, and
cemented together, or when minerals precipitate directly from a solution
Metamorphic rocks: formed by alteration (due to heat pressure and/or chemical action) of a pre-
existing igneous or sedimentary rock
difference between mineral and rock - --a mineral is a pure substance with a specific composition and
structure whereas a rock is typically a mixture of several different minerals.
the mantle - --made up of iron and magnesium silicate materials. Most of the mantle which surrounds
the outer core is solid rock, but is plastic enough to be able to flow slowly. Surrounding that part of
the mantle is a partially molten layer, the asthenosphere, and the outermost part of the mantle which
is rigid.
Asthenosphere - --
, Lithosphere - --
tectonic plates - --
the crust - --Earth's outermost layer. mostly composed of granite on the continents and mostly of
basalt beneath the oceans. Is rigid. The crust and the outermost rigid part of the mantle together
make up the lithosphere which is divided into about 20 tectonic plates that move in different
directions on earth's surface
Geothermal gradient - --the temperature increases in the earth with depth. approximately 30 Celsius a
kilometer
convection - --the primary driving force for the movement of tectonic plates. the transfer of heat from
the core to the mantle causing convection, as cold from the core goes down creating circular
heating/cooling patterns. Where convection currents in the antle are moving upward, new lithosphere
forms and the plates are pushed apart
age of earth - --4,570 million years old
Phanerozoic Eon - --the last 542 million years in geological time
mineral - --a naturally occurring combination of specific elements arranged in a particular repeating
three dimentional structure
Atomic number - --the number of protons in an atom
atomic mass - --the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom
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