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Commonly Confused Topics - Sarah Michelle questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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Commonly Confused Topics - SarahMichelle
actinic keratosis vs. seborrheic keratosis - more concerning?
Actinic Keratosis
AK: form b/c of atypical growth of keratinocytes in the epidermal layer
ACT=ACT fast with actinic keratosis b/c precursor to squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer; risk
factor is SUN EXPOSURE (scalp, legs, arms, face)
AK Tx: cryotherapy or 5FU aka fluorouracil (topical chemotherapy drug)
seborrheic keratosis
seen in older population, benign, will not develop into cancer; appear as well-defined brown,
tan, black growths that have a stuck on appearance
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Erythema Migrans vs. Erythema Infectiosum - tickborne illness?
Erythema Migrans! - rash associated with Lyme Disease
Bulls Eye Lesion
Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
, A viral disease characterized by a face that appears as "slapped cheeks," a fiery red rash on the
cheeks.
Retinal Detachment vs. Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma - which painLESS?
Retinal Detachment - patients report blurry vision, flashes of light, and floaters; feel as though a
curtain / something being pulled over field of vision
Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
due to increased intraocular pressure; PAINFUL with blurry vision and seeing halos; eye may
feel firm to palpation upon assessment
Mononucleosis
Mononucleosis: caused by Epstein Barr Virus, teens and young adults, transmitted through
saliva
s/s: prolonged severe fatigue, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, sore throat, fever, SPLEEN
enlargement (no contact sports - spleen rupture)
Dx: mono spot blood test; get ultrasound to ensure spleen has returned to normal size
Strep Throat (Streptococcal Pharyngitis)
-Caused by Group A streptococcus (GAS) Streptococcus pyogenes, Gram-positive cocci; grow
in chains
s/s: anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, palatine petechiae, sore throat, fever, swollen tonsils
Dx: rapid strep test
Tx: Amoxicillin; can be treated by Penicillin-based drugs or Macrolide drugs for patients allergic
to penicillin (e.g., erythromycin)
Mono/Strep Co-Infection
if a patient has both strep and mono YOU WOULD prescribe antibiotics BUT NO AMOXICILLIN
b/c morbilliform rash could develop (erythematous, maculopapular, measles-like); treat with
macrolide like azithromycin or cephalosporin like cephalexin/keflex
Note: the only penicillin that won't cause the morbilloform rash is penicillin VK
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