BBH 101 Exam 1 (PSU) Guaranteed Success
Trepanation: A surgical technique in which a hole is created in the skull.
Humoral Theory: The concept that the body’s fluids must be balanced for good health.
Cholera: An illness characterized by severe diarrhea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydr...
Trepanation: A surgical technique in which a hole is created in the skull.
Humoral Theory: The concept that the body’s fluids must be balanced for good health.
Cholera: An illness characterized by severe diarrhea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration, shock,
and potentially death.
Reductionism: A scientific approach that seeks to understand complex systems by examining their
individual components.
John Snow: A pioneer who investigated cholera outbreaks in London and traced the infection to a
specific public water pump.
Semmelweis: A physician who found that childbed fever was linked to the failure of doctors to wash
their hands.
Cell Theory: The principle that all living organisms are composed of cells.
Louis Pasteur: Conducted an experiment using open and sealed containers of porridge, leading to the
discovery of mold growth in the open container.
Edward Jenner: The creator of the first vaccine, who hypothesized that cowpox could prevent smallpox
by exposing a child to it and later to smallpox without the child falling ill.
Alexander Flemming: Discovered the antibacterial properties of penicillin.
Biomedical Model: A framework suggesting that all illnesses have biological origins.
, Biobehavioral Perspective: A viewpoint that acknowledges the interplay of biological, psychological, and
sociocultural factors in determining health and disease vulnerability.
Framingham Heart Study: A research project that utilized the biobehavioral perspective to identify risk
factors for cardiovascular diseases, including smoking, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and obesity.
Warren and Marshall: Researchers who applied the biomedical model to demonstrate that H. pylori
bacteria cause peptic ulcers.
Cognitive Bias: Distorted patterns of thinking that lead to illogical conclusions.
Scientific Method: A systematic process involving observation, hypothesis, prediction, and testing.
Theory: A well-substantiated explanation that has consistently withstood rigorous testing.
Sample: A subset of a population chosen for a study or experiment.
P-value: A statistical measure that indicates the likelihood of obtaining the observed results if there is
actually no relationship between the variables; a value less than 0.05 is typically deemed significant.
Importance of Replication: The necessity of repeating experiments to eliminate biases and confounding
factors.
Causality: The connection between two events such that one is considered a result of the other.
Hypothesized Relationship: The idea that one factor (A) causes another (B).
Reverse Causation: The notion that the outcome (B) influences the cause (A).
Bidirectional: A situation where both A influences B and B influences A.
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