Exam (elaborations)
PJM 2024 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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Exam of 21 pages for the course Pjm at Pjm (PJM 2024)
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PJM 2024During System Restoration, what is the optimal Frequency Range? - answer59.75 - 61
Hz
The 500 kV system has normal bus voltages between? - answer500 to 550 kV
When Connecting 2 islands, the operator must match? - answerVoltage, Phase Angle
and Frequency
What are the Minimum Source Requirements-(500kV+) for a 500 kV? - answer30 MW
Gen/mile of energized 500 kV and 20 MW Load/mile of energized 500 kV
When will PJM issue a Minimum Generation Alert? - answerWhen expected generation
levels fall within 2500 MW of normal operating limits
When thunderstorm is nearing critical bulk power or 500 kV system? - answerEnsure
auto reclosing is turned ON
What does SCADA stand for? - answerSupervisor Control & Data Acquisition
What does IROL stand for? - answerInterconnected Reliability Operating Limit
What does eDART stand for? - answerDispatch Application & Reporting Tool
What is eDART used for? - answerIt is used for: Generation Outage Scheduling,
Instantaneous Reserve Checks, Generator Reactive Capabilities and to enter and
submit switching
What direction do VARS flow? - answerFrom HIGH Voltage to LOW Voltage
What direction do MW flow? - answerFrom HIGH Phase Angle to LOW Phase Angle
Which of the following factors are used in forecasting load? - answerWeather Forecast,
Historical Load Data, and Historical Weather Data
What one-way communication system is used to disseminate info to local call centers? -
answerAll-Call
The 3 categories of messages issued by PJM All-Call are? - answerOperational,
Informational and Emergency Procedures
,When should, transmission outages should be submitted to PJM to avoid cancellation
and to be considered "on time?' - answerFirst day of Month Prior to the Outage
What report will be requested by PJM when a Max Generation Alert is issued? -
answerSupplementary Status Report (SSR)
The loss of a large generation unit on the PJM system can be detected by monitoring: -
answerFrequency and PJM Area Control Center (ACE)
The PJM system is operated such that the contingency flow is less than the: -
answerEmergency Rating
When ordered a 5% voltage reduction should be taken on: - answerThe Distribution
System
TOs are required to report "Hot Line Work" on what voltage levels? - answer345 kV and
Above
Load dump rating of an EHV line is determined by? - answer115% of the facility's 4 hour
Emergency Rating
During System Restoration, one means of strengthening & stabilizing an interconnected
area is to: - answerClose additional tie lines
Which of the following factors influence load forecast? - answerWeather, Temperature,
and the Day of the Week
During system restoration, what is the voltage range the system should be kept
between? - answer90% and 105% -- maintain voltage profile between for system
restoration
PJM will coordinate and direct all restoration lines of what voltage levels? - answer500
kV (PJM also coordinates Identifying Interconnection and calculating ACE)
**Also coordinates Interchange Schedules and all ties
How much load would you dump to increase the frequency by 1 Hz? - answer6-10%
Generation is disconnected after 5 seconds, when the frequency: - answerDrops below
57.5 Hz
How much of the total Dynamic Reserve should be used on Under Frequency relay
load? - answer50%
During System Restoration, capacitor banks should be kept off until how much of the
load is restored? - answer40%
, Would PJM assume Frequency Control when the control of an interconnected area is
too burdensome for any Local Control Center? - answerYes
Operator receiving an All-Call message should state the following before playback of
the message? - answerName and Company
Dynamic Reserves consist of: - answerGovernor Reserve and Load that has been
restored with under frequency relays
What would be the appropriate response to receiving a DC ground Alarm? -
answerAdvise substation personnel of the alarm during normal hours
The unit Minimum and Maximum MVAR limits include: - answerRealistic, usable
capability that is sustainable during continuous long term unit operation
What effects can Temperature have on system loading? - answerOverloads on system,
swings in temp. cause increased loading, trips trans. facilities
What are some characteristics of humidity? - answerComponent of THI and does not
change the temperature
Higher ambient temperatures will result in? - answerLower ratings because of less
ability to dissipate heat
When severe weather is expected, PJM may take what actions? - answerRequest
reclosing to be put into service, defer maintenance to critical BES facilities, and initiate
conservative operations (Also just in general poses risk of losing many facilities)
What instability is characterized by continued oscillations over a long period of time? -
answerDynamic
What is part of PJMs Thermal Operating Criteria? - answerActual Flows within
Emergency Rating
What are some reasons voltages can fall below acceptable limits? - answerExcessive
VAR loading and Voltage Regulation malfunction
What will rescheduling transmission outages to the Shoulder Months do? - answerEntail
more coordination between PJM and TO to avoid conflict
What would be required for a company to use dynamic ratings in their equipment? -
answerAdd additional equipment to monitor weather conditions
TOs who have not provided a voltage schedule to Gen Owners should instruct them to
follow? - answerPJM default voltage schedule
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