microbiology final straighterline,
Straighterline Micro 250 final prep Exam
2024 Questions and Answers
phylogeny - answer-The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called
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b ______.
Last Universal Common Ancestor - answer-The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes,
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b archaea, and bacteria, all derived from ______.
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always harmful to their host - answer-Organisms called parasites are ______.
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Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior - answer-Which of the
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b following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient flow?
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Electrons - answer-The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the ______.
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respiratory disease - answer-The number one worldwide infectious diseases are ______.
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saturated - answer-A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-
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bonded to 2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens.
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lipid - answer-One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is
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b called the Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer because it
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b degrades the outer membrane found in some bacteria. What chemical component of the
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b cell does alcohol affect?
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,95X - answer-If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X,
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b what is the magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X?
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cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns - answer-NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying
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b fossil bacteria in samples from Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the
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b following is good evidence for the presence of bacterial cells?
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electron - answer-Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest
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b magnification?
a solid medium - answer-Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to
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b nutrient broth that is then boiled and cooled?
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Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease - answer-a spongiform encephalopathy of humans b b b b b b b
amphitrichous - answer-The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is ______.
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saprobe - answer-In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes
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b the keratin protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following descriptors
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b does not apply to Trichophyton?
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gram-negative - answer-During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the
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b decolorization of ______ cells. b b b
80s - answer-The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ______
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Bacterial cells are typically between 1-10 μm and are blocked by the filter, whereas most
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b viruses are between 20 and 200 nm and therefore pass through. - answer-Sterilizing
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b filters have a pore size of 0.22 μm. Which of the following statements is true?
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,icosahedral - answer-One of the principal viral capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12
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b evenly spaced corners referred to as a/an _____ capsid.
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fecal oral - answer-Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through
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lysogeny - answer-the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome
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envelope - answer-Which of the following is not associated with every virus?
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palisade - answer-When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge, this
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b cellular arrangement is termed a ______.
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histones - answer-proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
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tropisms - answer-Viral tissue specificities are called ______.
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lophotrichous - answer-the term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging
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b from a single site is ______.
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mutualistic - answer-E. coli bacteria normally live in the human gut and produce vitamin
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b K that the body uses. This is best termed a ______ relationship.
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mutualistic - answer-Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in
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b their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The
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b protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose). This is a(n) ______
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b relationship.
lag phase - answer-The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated
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b cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing at an
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b exponential rate, is the ______. b b b b
, hypotonic - answer-The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in ______
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b conditions.
photoheterotroph - answer-This microbe is photosynthetic, but in the absence of light it
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b can use organic compounds as an energy source. Its carbon source is an organic
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b compound. The appropriate classification for this organism would be ______.
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thermoduric microbe - answer-A microorganism that has an optimum growth
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b temperature of 37°C, but can survive short exposure to high temperatures is called a(n)
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b ______.
Noncompetitive inhibition - answer-the end product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive
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b site
catalysts for RNA splicing - answer-Ribozymes are ______.
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coenzymes - answer-Most electron carriers are ______.
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2 - answer-what is the usual net production of ATP?
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aerobic cellular respiration - answer-Exergonic reactions occur during
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one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar - answer-Each nucleotide is
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b composed of b
deletion and insertion - answer-A frameshift is caused by ______ mutations.
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genomics refers to the study of an organism's entire genome, whereas proteomics is the
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b study of expressed proteins - answer-The fields of genomics and proteomics differ in that
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eukaryotes - answer-endosymbiotic theory b b b
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