Advanced Med Surg Exam 2 Questions & Answers 100% Correct!!
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Course
Advanced Med Surg
Institution
Advanced Med Surg
What is pain? - ANSWER-Goal : optimal level of comfort
Pain leads to complications, such as sleep deprivation, agitation, and PTSD
Pain is the 5th vital sign
• Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
• Pain is what the patient says i...
Advanced Med Surg
Exam 2 Questions &
Answers 100%
Correct!!
What is pain? - ANSWER-Goal : optimal level of comfort
Pain leads to complications, such as sleep deprivation, agitation, and PTSD
Pain is the 5th vital sign
• Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
• Pain is what the patient says it is
Anxiety
• Prolonged state of apprehension in response to fear
• Marked by apprehension, agitation, and autonomic arousal
What are some predisposing factors of pain? - ANSWER-Disease, procedures, monitoring devices,
nursing care, trauma
Many factors influence pain perception
• Expectation
• Previous pain experiences
• Emotional state
,• Cognitive status
What are some predisposing factors of anxiety? - ANSWER-Inability to communicate, noise, light,
excess stimulation
Examples
• ETT
• Monitor alarms
• Lack of mobility
• Unfamiliar surroundings
• Uncomfortable room temperature
• Sleep deprivation
What is the physiology of pain and anxiety? - ANSWER-Pain travels nervous system to the brain
Acute pain activates sympathetic nervous system
Nociceptors most abundant receptors
Anxiety is confined within the brain
• Purely psychogenic disorder ; no actual tissue damage
• Linked to reward and punishment center
What are the effects of pain/anxiety? - ANSWER-Removes one from potential harm
Fight or flight response
Raises catecholamines
• Tachycardia and hypertension
Interference with healing
,Increased oxygen consumption
• End-organ ischemia
Increased respiratory effort and hyperventilation
Delay in ventilator weaning
What is the PQRST assessment? - ANSWER-Chest pain characteristics
P = provocation or position
Q = quality
R = radiation
S = severity or associate symptoms
T = timing or tiggers
What are some subjective assessment tools? - ANSWER-Pain score, 0 to 10 rating scale
• 0 no pain
• 10 worst pain imaginable
FACES scale, series of faces from happy to distressed
Visual analog scale (VAS)
• Patient points to a level of pain severity on a 10 cm line
• Can also be done with pencil to mark severity
, What is the ICU Patient Communication Application (APP)? - ANSWER-A technology tool for patients
unable to communicate
• Mechanical ventilation
• Hearing loss
• Speech limitations
What are some objective assessment tools for pain? - ANSWER-For patients who cannot
communicate, no objective tool completely reflects patients pain level
Examples
• Behavioral pain scale (table 6-2)
• Critical care pain observation tool (table 6-3)
• Checklist of nonverbal pain indicators
What is the agitation assessment and treatment? - ANSWER-Hyperactive psychomotor functions.
Look for...
• Tachycardia
• Hypertension
• Movement
Sedate to limit hyperactive psychomotor functions
• Low dose
What are some sedation assessment tools? - ANSWER-Sedation medication is given to reduce
symptoms ; dose is adjusted based on tools or scales
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