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Hedendaagse stromingen in communicatiewetenschappen samenvatting
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HEDENDAAGSE STROMINGEN INCOMMUNICATIEWETENSCHAPPEN
INHOUDSOPGAVE
Les 1. Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................1
1. Doelstellingen ........................................................................................................................................1
2. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................1
3. Inhoud van dit vak .................................................................................................................................2
Les 2. Algemene situering: maatschappelijke rol van media en communicatie ...............................................3
1. Spanningsvelden....................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Object vs subject .................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Maatschappij- vs Mediacentrisch ........................................................................................................4
1.3 Centrifugaal vs centripetaal.................................................................................................................5
1.4 Objectivisme vs subjectivisme .............................................................................................................6
1.5 Materialisme vs culturalisme (objectivisme).......................................................................................6
1.6 pluralistische vs dominante media (media, macht en ongelijkheid)...................................................7
1.7 consensus vs conflict ...........................................................................................................................7
1.8 Pluralistisch consensusdenken vs kritische conflictdenken ................................................................8
2. Wat is kritisch onderzoek? ................................................................................................................. 10
3. Neoliberalisme.................................................................................................................................... 12
les 3. Effectstudies .......................................................................................................................................... 13
1. Historisch overzicht ............................................................................................................................ 13
2. Almachtige media ............................................................................................................................... 13
3. Almachtige ontvanger (beperkte effecten) ........................................................................................ 14
4. Almachtige media herontdekt............................................................................................................ 16
5. maatschappelijk debat ....................................................................................................................... 17
Les 4. Media en nationale identiteit............................................................................................................... 18
1. theoretische achtergrond................................................................................................................... 18
2. Banaal nationalisme (1995) – Michael billig....................................................................................... 20
3. Media events Dayan & Katz (1992) .................................................................................................... 21
4. Besluit ................................................................................................................................................. 22
5. kritiek (Couldry 2003, Media Rituals) ................................................................................................. 23
6. cases ................................................................................................................................................... 24
, 6.1 Publieke omroep .............................................................................................................................. 25
6.2 Sport ................................................................................................................................................. 26
6.3 Monarchie ........................................................................................................................................ 26
6.4 Buitenland ........................................................................................................................................ 26
6.5 liefdadigheidshows ........................................................................................................................... 26
6.6 Vlaams-nationalisme ........................................................................................................................ 27
Les 5. Politieke economie ............................................................................................................................... 27
1. Inleiding, concepten en argumenten, onderzoek .............................................................................. 27
2. Invloed op journalistieke proces ........................................................................................................ 31
3. gevolgen ............................................................................................................................................. 32
4. kritiek .................................................................................................................................................. 33
5. cases ................................................................................................................................................... 34
case 1: ruilwaarde > gebruikswaarde ..................................................................................................... 34
Case 2: Mediaconcentratie..................................................................................................................... 35
Case 3: digitaal kapitalisme .................................................................................................................... 35
Les 6. Culturele mediastudies......................................................................................................................... 36
1. historiek .............................................................................................................................................. 36
1.1 Massacultuurtheorieën: Leavisism ................................................................................................... 36
1.2 Culturalisme: Hoggart, Williams, Thompson .................................................................................... 37
2. concepten ........................................................................................................................................... 38
2.1 representatie (betekenisgeving) - Stuart Hall .................................................................................. 38
2.2. ideologische impact van representaties.......................................................................................... 39
2.3 Hegemonie ....................................................................................................................................... 40
3. onderzoek binnen culturele mediastudies ......................................................................................... 41
4. Besluit ................................................................................................................................................. 42
5. kritiek .................................................................................................................................................. 43
6. Samengevat in doorlopende tekst ..................................................................................................... 44
7. cases ................................................................................................................................................... 45
6.1 voorbeeld 1....................................................................................................................................... 45
6.2 voorbeeld 2: berichtgeving van feesten ........................................................................................... 46
6.3 voorbeeld 3: Burkini ......................................................................................................................... 46
6.4 Voorbeeld 4: identiteitscategorieën ................................................................................................ 47
6.5 voorbeeld 5: Rascisme als ideologie................................................................................................. 48
6.6 Voorbeeld 6: representatie van minderheden ................................................................................. 48
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, 6.7 Voorbeeld 7: tv-programma’s .......................................................................................................... 48
les 7. Alternatieve media ................................................................................................................................ 49
1. inleiding .............................................................................................................................................. 49
2. historiek .............................................................................................................................................. 50
1.1 Traditionele insteek: ‘alternatieve media’ ....................................................................................... 50
1.2 Vandaag: digitale, onafhankelijke platformen ................................................................................. 53
3. Onderzoek .......................................................................................................................................... 54
4. spanningsvelden ................................................................................................................................. 55
5. conclusie alternatieve media ............................................................................................................. 56
6. cases: alternatieve media in Vlaanderen, Nederland en wereldwijd................................................. 57
3.1 Mvslim (Hanan Challouki)................................................................................................................. 57
3.2 Verrekijkers (Margot Van den Bergen)............................................................................................. 57
3.3 Media 21 ........................................................................................................................................... 57
Les 8. Political entertainment I: Satire ........................................................................................................... 61
1. cases ................................................................................................................................................... 61
1.1 voorbeeld 1....................................................................................................................................... 61
1.2 Voorbeeld 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 62
1.3 voorbeeld 3....................................................................................................................................... 62
2. situering .............................................................................................................................................. 62
2.1 Political entertainment: centrale vragen.......................................................................................... 62
2.2 Digitale en postmoderne omgeving ................................................................................................. 63
2.3 Reflectieve journalistiek ................................................................................................................... 64
2.4 Onderzoek ........................................................................................................................................ 64
2.5 voorbeelden ..................................................................................................................................... 65
3. Spanningsvelden................................................................................................................................. 68
Les 9. Political entertainment II: Fictie ........................................................................................................... 68
1. Political entertainment : centrale vragen........................................................................................... 69
2. het journalistieke ................................................................................................................................ 69
3. sociologische verbeelding .................................................................................................................. 70
4. democrtische betekenis entertainment: waarden, identiteiten, cognitieve mappen, normen ........ 71
4.1 Waarden ........................................................................................................................................... 71
4.2 sociale identiteiten ........................................................................................................................... 71
4.3 Cognitieve mappen........................................................................................................................... 72
4.4 publieke Normen .............................................................................................................................. 72
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, 5. Besluit ................................................................................................................................................. 73
5.1 Spanningsvelden ............................................................................................................................... 73
6. cases ................................................................................................................................................... 74
6.1 Borgen .............................................................................................................................................. 74
6.2 The Wire ........................................................................................................................................... 74
7. Vragen bij het analyseren van een serie ............................................................................................ 77
Les 10. Gastles ................................................................................................................................................ 77
Les 11. Herhalingsles ...................................................................................................................................... 77
1. inhoud................................................................................................................................................. 77
2. zeven stromingen ............................................................................................................................... 77
2.1 Les 2: Algemene situering................................................................................................................. 78
2.2 LEs 3: effectstusies (1ste stroming) .................................................................................................... 80
2.3 les 4: media & nationaliteit .............................................................................................................. 81
2.4 les 5: Politieke economie .................................................................................................................. 82
2.5 Les 6: Culturele mediastudies........................................................................................................... 83
2.6 les 7: alternatieve media .................................................................................................................. 85
2.7 les 8: political entertainment; satire ................................................................................................ 86
2.8 les 9: Political entertainment ; fictie ................................................................................................ 87
3. alternatieve indeling........................................................................................................................... 87
4. evoluties ............................................................................................................................................. 88
5. doelstellingen ..................................................................................................................................... 88
EXAMEN.......................................................................................................................................................... 88
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