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ATI Pharmacology Airflow Disorders Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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ATI Pharmacology Airflow Disorders Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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ATI Pharmacology Airflow Disorders DetailedQuestions and Expert Answers
Air flow disorders include - ANS Asthma
COPD
Asthma - ANS reversible bronchi constriction
intermittent
inflammation
Medications for asthma include - ANS 1. Bronchodilator agents:
- beta2-adrenergic agonists
- methylxanthines
- inhaled anticholinergics
2. Anti-inflammatory agents:
- glucocorticoids
- mast cell stabilizers
- leukotriene modifiers.
Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists - ANS albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
●● Other Medications:
,Formoterol (Foradil Aerolizer)
Salmeterol (Serevent)
Terbutaline (Brethine)
Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists actions - ANS Selectively activating the beta2-receptors
in the bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation. As a result of this:
■■ Bronchospasm is relieved.
■■ Histamine release is inhibited.
■■ Ciliary motility is increased.
Why there are so many different types of Beta 2 agonist meds? - ANS Although
they are all Beta 2 agonist, the route of administration and therapeutic uses are
different.
Ex:
Albuterol (Proventil): Can be an inhaler or Oral. Can be short acting or long acting.
Are used to treat acute asthma attack, can be taken as long acting med to prevent
asthma exacerbation.
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) availability forms - ANS 1. Inhaler is short acting
2. PO is long acting
Uses:
›› Prevention of asthma episode (exercise-induced)
›› Inhaled, short-acting, used for prevention of
, asthma
›› Treatment for bronchospasm
›› Long-term control of asthma
Formoterol (Foradil Aerolizer)
Salmeterol (Serevent) - ANS Inhaled: long-acting
Long-term control of asthma
Terbutaline (Brethine) - ANS Oral, long-acting
Long-term control of asthma
Adverse Effects
Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists - ANS 1. Activate B1 in the heart -> tachycardia and
angina
›› Advise clients to observe for chest, jaw, or arm pain or palpitations and to notify
the provider if they occur.
›› Instruct clients to check pulse and to report an increase of greater than 20 to 30
beats/min.
›› Advise clients to avoid caffeine.
2. Activate B2 receptor in skeletal muscle -> TREMOR
-> usually resolve with continued medication use
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