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CCEB - GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY EXAM
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CCEB - GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGYEXAM 2024-2025
Parotitis is an infection of the parotid gland that is commonly caused by mumps but
can also be caused by Staph A.
Are mumps usually unilateral or bilateral?
Acute pancreatitis is the outcome of a clogged duct.
-severe stomach ache.
- Elevated serum amylase
-hypocalcemia
Chronic pancreatitis is the repeated breakdown of pancreatic tissue, which causes
atrophy, fibrosis, scarring, and the formation of calcification within the gland.
What are the symptoms of chronic pancreatitis? Abdominal discomfort, diabetes,
and steatorrhea, are linked to alcoholism.
Cholestasis - ANSWER Stoppage of Bile Flow
Types of Cholestasis: ANSWER Obstructive (blockage)
Metabolic
Drug-induced
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
,Charcott's Triad - Answer 1: RUQ pain.
2. Jaundice
3. Fever.
*Seen in acute/advancing cholangitis*
liver cirrhosis - ANSWER Fibrosis in the liver. Chronic liver disease is defined by
the replacement of liver tissue with fibrosis produced by alcoholism, hepatitis B
and C, and fatty liver disease.
Acute hepatic failure is the abrupt onset of liver failure (trauma/hepatitis).
Chronic liver failure: ANSWER Alcohol/viral hepatitis causes progressive
deterioration of the liver parenchyma over more than 6 months.
Gilbert's Syndrome - ANSWER Benign congenital unconjugated
hyperbilirubinemia.
impaired capacity to conjugate bilirubin.
Reduced glucuronic transferase activity.
Alcoholic hepatitis – ANSWER condition originating from prolonged alcohol use,
in which the liver is inflamed; can be fatal.
, Pre-hepatic portal hypertension - ANSWER Caused by obstructive thrombosis of
the portal vein before it enters the liver, significant splenomegaly with increased
blood flow.
-Portal vein thrombosis
The answer to intrahepatic portal hypertension is cirrhosis.
Post-hepatic portal hypertension - ANSWER Caused by right-sided heart failure
that raises pressure in the inferior vena cava and hepatic vein outflow blockage.
Symptoms of Portal Hypertension—ANSWER Ascites is the buildup of fluid.
Esophageal Varices
Splenomegaly
Caput medusa means superficial abdominal varices.
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, which is commonly linked with
gallstones. Fatty food intolerance and nausea
Cholangitis is an acute inflammation of the bile duct that causes pain in the upper
right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice.
cholelithiasis - ANSWER Gallstones in the gallbladder caused by bile buildup.
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