9. Skin, Hair, and Nails

Chapter 09: Skin, Hair, and Nails


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The skin repairs surface wounds by: a. exaggerating cell replacement. b. excreting lactic acid.
c. producing vitamins.
d. providing a mechanical barrier.



ANS: A
The skin s tissue cells have a rapid rate of turnover and constant renewal, thereb enabling the skin to
repair damaged surfaces.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

2. The adipose tissue in the hypodermis serves to:
a. provide sensory input.
b. generate heat and insulate.
c. create tensile strength.
d. secrete collagen.
ANS: B
The hypodermis layer consists of adipose tissue that serves to generate heat and provide insulation,
shock absorption, and a reserve of calories.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

3. The secretory activity of the sebaceous glands is stimulated by:
a. body heat.
b. ambient temperature.
c. sex hormones.
d. dietary protein.



ANS: C
The sebaceous glands, when stimulated by the sex hormones, produce a lipid-rich substance that keeps
the skin moist.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

4. Mrs. Tuber is a 36-year-old patient who comes into the health center with complaints that her
fingernails are not growing. Which structure is the site of new nail growth? a. Cuticle
b. Perionychium
c. Matrix
d. Nail bed



ANS: C
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,The white crescent-shaped area beyond the proximal nail fold is called the matrix, which is the site of
new nail growth.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

5. Mrs. Leonard brings her newborn infant into the pediatrician s office for a first well-baby visit.
As the healthcare provider, you teach her that newborns are more vulnerable to hypothermia because
of:
a. the presence of coarse terminal hair.
b. desquamation of the stratum corneum.
c. their covering of vernix caseosa.
d. a poorly developed subcutaneous fat layer.



ANS: D




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, Newborns have a poorly developed subcutaneous fat layer and therefore have a reduced ability to
generate heat.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

6. Mrs. Mulligan brings her 16-year-old son into the office for a sports physical examination. As the
healthcare provider, you explain that normal hormone-related changes of adolescence include:
a. increased oil production.
b. slowed hair growth.
c. depleted apocrine glands.N UR
d. decreased sebaceous gland activity.



ANS: A
During adolescence, the sebaceous glands increase sebum production, which causes the skin to have
an oily appearance and predisposes the individual to acne.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

7. Expected hair distribution changes in older adults include:
a. increased terminal hair follicles on the scalp.
b. more prominent axillary and pubic hair production.
c. increased terminal hair follicles to the tragus of men s ears.
d. more prominent peripheral extremity hair production.



ANS: C
The transition from a vellous to terminal hair pattern occurs in older men at the nares and tragus.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
OBJ: Nursing process assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

8. Brittle nails are typical findings in:
a. adolescents.
b. infants.
c. pregnant women.
d. older adults.



ANS: D