Biology 100 UNLV (Dr. Jef Jaeger)
Exam 2 Study Guide Questions and
Answers
Define nucleotide
✓ ~~~ the repeated subunits of DNA molecules
name the nucleotides
✓ ~~~ adenine & thymine
Guanine & cytosine
where are nucleotides found?
✓ ~~~ DNA
define gene
✓ ~~~ a segment of DNA that determine a specific protein
DNA transcribes (codes) to what?
✓ ~~~ RNA
RNA has how many strands?
✓ ~~~ one strand
name what the DNA nucleotides that transcription to RNA nucleotides
✓ ~~~ Adenine --> Uracil
Thymine --> Adenine
,Guanine --> Cytosine
Cytosine --> Guanine
Define codon
✓ ~~~ 3 letter code for RNA
How many amino acids are there?
✓ ~~~ 20 amino acids
define chromatin
✓ ~~~ long strands of DNA
Define chromosome
✓ ~~~ Packaged DNA molecule.
How many chromosomes do humans have?
✓ ~~~ 46
define chromatid
✓ ~~~ 1 of 2 identical chromosomal strands.
what does chromosomes look like?
✓ ~~~
, what does a sister chromatid look like?
✓ ~~~ an X
Define centomere
✓ ~~~ the center of a chromosomes
Why do cells divide?
✓ ~~~ growth, repair, reproduction
define zygote
✓ ~~~ a single cells formed by union of sperm and egg
how many zygotes do adults have
✓ ~~~ trillions
define mitosis
✓ ~~~ division that results in identical cells
what are the two main phases of the cell cycle and division?
✓ ~~~ interphase
M-phase
define interphase
✓ ~~~ the active growth and function
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