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CSOWM EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CSOWM EXAM WITH QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
Self-monitoring: ANSWER offers regular feedback on whether target behaviours
are improving, sustaining, or deteriorating. This is highly correlated with weight
loss success. Example: meal log.
stimulus control - ANSWER Change cues with goal eating/activity behaviour to
enable a specific behaviour (environmental modification to encourage activities).
For example, if a person struggles to eat just one serving of ice cream, don't leave a
large container in the freezer; instead, have them buy a single serving once a week.
target setting - ANSWER gives a clear assessment of success; DPP monitors
average daily calorie target, weekly minutes of physical activity, and number of
days to keep a food log.
Weight loss efficacy - ANSWER: 8-10 kg/% of original weight; rate: 0.4-0.5
kg/week.
Monitoring weight - ANSWER Those who measured their weight more than once a
week were more successful in maintaining their weight loss.
The most successful form of delivering behavioural therapy is face-to-face,
followed by online, then little... A study indicated that two 15-20 minute phone
calls per month were just as beneficial as 60 minutes of on-site group therapy in
maintaining initial weight loss -- academic context > community or primary care
environment.
Exercise influence on weight regain, suggestion - ANSWER: Reduce weight gain
by 60 minutes per day of brisk walking. Weight reduction benefits are evident in
30-60 minutes of movement each day; completing this much exercise increases the
,likelihood of limiting weight regain by more than 30%. Maintain a 10%+ weight
loss by increasing activity to 275 minutes per week over baseline.
Orlistat - ANSWER fat blocker (lipase inhibitor), the only FDA-approved medicine
for weight loss, is somewhat successful, resulting in a 3-4 kg weight loss.
Behavioural therapy efficacy - ANSWER: effective in reducing weight by 10% and
greatly improving health.
Intervention for BMI 25+ - ANSWER exercise, nutrition, and behavioural
modification.
Long-term weight loss and regain success - ANSWER: Frequent, long-term
provider contact following initial weight loss; when therapy is discontinued, weight
regains.
Is adherence to diet or actual diet more helpful for weight loss? - ANSWER
adherence to diet
Average weight reduction by behavioural intervention in the first six months:
ANSWER decrease by 8 kg BW, average weight recovery 1-2 kg/year (faster
initially).
What is the reason why weight maintenance is more difficult? - ANSWER:
decrease in positive feedback when in weight maintenance vs. weight loss
Small gains in weight regain have been shown with these treatments - ANSWER 1.
Increase professional and peer support.
2. Reduce boredom with diverse interventions, such as food replacement.
3. assist self-regulation (setup before weight loss efforts)
, 4. Vary the dose, intensity, and behavioural support for physical activity.
*Generic/behavioural/psychological traits do not influence weight loss outcomes.
**A very tiny but statistically significant rise was seen.
Negative physiological effects of weight loss - ANSWER 1. improved the
gratifying value of meals.
2. lower satisfaction
3. Increased metabolic efficiency
4. Prefer CHO over fat for energy.
5. When nutrients are accessible, they should be absorbed and stored to their full
potential. (positive fat balance)
*These do not reset once the new steady state weight is reached.
T/F: Determinants of weight regain include lower energy expenditure and increased
hunger. - The answer is true.
Exercise's effect on weight regain processes - ANSWER reduces eating and
increases energy expenditure, which can counter biological elements that promote
weight gain; attenuates weight regain.
The magnitude of initial weight reduction is proportional to _____________.
ANSWER: Dietary adherence; overall calorie deficit > macro composition.
T/F: Does leptin inhibit adaptive ANSWERs to weight loss? - The answer is true.
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