MCB Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers Already Passed
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Course
MCB
Institution
MCB
MCB Exam 1 Review Questions and
Answers Already Passed
Question: What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Answer: The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information
from DNA to RNA to protein.
Question: What are the key differences between prokaryotic and ...
MCB Exam 1 Review Questions and
Answers Already Passed
Question: What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Answer: ✔✔ The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information
from DNA to RNA to protein.
Question: What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Answer: ✔✔ Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic
cells have a nucleus and complex organelles such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic
reticulum.
Question: What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
Answer: ✔✔ Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating mRNA into amino acid
sequences to form proteins.
Question: How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?
Answer: ✔✔ Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions, speeding up
the reaction without being consumed in the process.
1
,Question: What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition?
Answer: ✔✔ In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme,
blocking substrate binding. In non-competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to a different site
on the enzyme, altering its shape and reducing its activity.
Question: What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?
Answer: ✔✔ ATP acts as the main energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various
cellular functions such as muscle contraction, active transport, and chemical reactions.
Question: How does the structure of a phospholipid contribute to the formation of cellular
membranes?
Answer: ✔✔ Phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and hydrophobic (water-
repelling) tails, allowing them to form a bilayer that constitutes the cell membrane, with heads
facing outward and tails inward.
Question: What is the significance of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Answer: ✔✔ Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for producing ATP
through cellular respiration, which is vital for energy-dependent processes.
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, Question: How does DNA replication ensure genetic continuity?
Answer: ✔✔ DNA replication is semi-conservative, meaning each new DNA molecule consists
of one old strand and one newly synthesized strand, ensuring accurate copying of genetic
information during cell division.
Question: What are the stages of the cell cycle, and what happens in each stage?
Answer: ✔✔ The cell cycle includes interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases, where the cell grows and
DNA replicates) and the mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis, where the cell divides to
produce two daughter cells).
Question: What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
Answer: ✔✔ The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for delivery
to different parts of the cell or for secretion outside the cell.
Question: How do lysosomes contribute to cellular homeostasis?
Answer: ✔✔ Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, damaged
organelles, and foreign particles, helping to maintain cellular cleanliness and functionality.
Question: What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
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