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Summary English sem2
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Summary of English. Course material from the 2nd semester to learn. Good for both written and oral exams. Vocabulary is included when you take a discount package. Passed 12/20.
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English5.1 Secondments abroad
Exercise 2: What is the most appropriate definition for ‘secondment’?
Secondment: a period of time that you spend working for the same organisation but in a different location.
The big four = the 4 biggest companies (KPMG, EY, Deloitte, PWC)
Exercise 5: Match the words & phrases with the synonyms & definitions (vocabulary)
1. Settle in (zich thuis voelen, zich vestigen): become comfortable in a new place
2. International network: the department in a company which supports colleagues on secondment
3. Developmental opportunity (ontwikkelingsmogelijkheid): a chance to grow & learn new things about oneself or
one’s job
4. Brief someone (iemand informeren): give someone all the info about a situation that he will need
5. Claim expenses (borg) : pay money when you rent something, which will be given back if you do not damage it
6. Pay a deposit (aanbetaling doen): request money from an employer for something an employee has paid for
7. Personal perspective: a way of thinking about something that one particular person has
8. Global mobility team: a group of people or organisations that are connected or work together globally
Exercise 6: Word building - verbs, adjectives and nouns (vocabulary)
Verb Noun Adjective / Past participle
adopt adoption adopted, adoptive
assign (toewijzen, toekennen) assignment assigned
compensate compensation compensatory
globalise globe, globalisation global
immigrate immigrant, immigration /
mobilise mobility mobile
process process processed
relocate (verplaatsen, verhuizen) relocation relocated
ship ship, shipping, shipment shipped
tax tax, taxation taxable
(see extra exercise)
5.2 Relocation & retention
(Employment) retention (behoud (van werk)): the ability to keep or continue having something
Exercise 1: Lead-in (vocabulary)
1. Broad-based (breed georiënteerd): found in many places, wide-ranging
2. Dealership: a business that sells a particular company’s products, especially cars
3. From scratch (vanaf nul): from the beginning
4. Fully-fledged (volwaardig): completely developed or trained
5. Independent outlets (onafhankelijke verkooppunten): a shop, company or organisation where products are sold
but which is not owned by the producer of the product
6. Labour-scarce (arbeidsintensief): not having enough people to fill particular jobs
Grammar
Exercise 4: What function has inversion?
Function: to emphasise information
1
, What is inversion?
- 'Inversion' means 'reversing' (= turning around = 'inverting') the normal subject-verb word order in a sentence.
→ I have never seen her so excited for a new job. (non-inverted)
Have you ever seen her so excited for a new job? (inverted)
Non-inverted sentences: subject + verb
Inverted sentences: verb + subject
Why do we use inversion?
- Using inversion instead of the normal word order adds emphasis, especially in formal English.
When do we use inversion?
➢ Question forms: Have you ever seen her so excited for a new job?
➢ Conditionals without 'if': Had I been there, I would have helped you.
➢ Inversion after negative or limiting adverbs.
Some examples of negative or limiting adverbs (= ontkennende of beperkende bijwoorden) are:
○ Rarely do we see such a …
○ Seldom does our company encounter … (Note: 'seldom' is a formal word)
○ Little did the team realize the impact …
(Note: 'Little' can be translated as 'nauwelijks', 'amper', 'niet', 'nooit', etc. depending on the context.)
○ Not only did the company launch a successful advertising campaign, but it also …
○ No sooner had the company announced its …
○ Under no circumstances should confidential company information be disclosed.
Formation - How to form an inverted sentence starting with a negative adverb?
Most common:
➢ Adverb + auxiliary + subject + rest of sentence
Not only did the company achieve its revenue targets for the quarter, but it also exceeded them by a significant margin.
Er zijn een paar bijwoorden die alleen id hoofdzin (dus niet direct na h bijwoord) tot inversie leiden. In dat geval is de
woordvolgorde:
➢ Adverb + subclause + auxiliary + subject + rest of main clause
Not until we implement the new efficiency measures can we expect to see a significant reduction in operational costs.
The only 2 adverbs of this category you have to remember for the exam are:
- Only …
- Not until ...
What are auxiliary verbs?
- Verbs that support the main verb.
There are only a limited number of auxiliary verbs (hulpwerkwoorden) in English:
1. The primary auxiliary verbs: 'be', 'have' and 'do'
2. Modal (auxiliary) verbs:
➔ Can Could
➔ May Might Must
➔ Shall Should
➔ Will Would
Dit zijn volledig modale ww. Er zijn ook semi-modale ww, zoals have to, need to, dare to etc. Semi-modale ww volgen een
andere regel in inversie dan volledige modale werkwoorden.
Which auxiliary to use?
There are 3 types of scenarios concerning the use of auxiliaries in inverted sentences.
1. The original sentence has 1 auxiliary. → use it.
He will never finish that project today.
→ Never will he finish that project today.
2
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