Exam (elaborations)
9 Drugs Affecting the Renal, Urinary and Cardiovascular Systems
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- Minnesota State University, Mankato
9 Drugs Affecting the Renal, Urinary and Cardiovascular Systems
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Chapter 09: Drugs Affecting the Renal/Urinary and Cardiovascular SystemsMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which body system works with the renal/urinary system to maintain fluid balance and
remove waste products from the body?
a. Biliary system
b. Cardiovascular system
c. CNS
d. Gastrointestinal system ANS: B
The renal/urinary system works together with the cardiovascular system to maintain adequate
circulation to all parts of the body. The interactions between these two systems help maintain
fluid balance, delivery of nutrients, and removal of waste products from cells, tissues, and
organs. Most drugs that affect one system have an effect on the functioning of the other system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 134
2. A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The patient
asks how thiazide diuretic drugs reducehigh blood pressure. What is your best response?
a. “Thiazide diuretics reduce blood volume and relax vascular smooth muscle in the arterioles,
reducing blood pressure.”
b. “Thiazide diuretics increase potassium excretion and slow heart contractions, reducing
blood pressure.”
c. “Thiazide diuretics release sodium from cellular storage sites to reduce blood pressure.”
d. “Thiazide diuretics increase the reabsorption of sodium, potassium and chlorides, reducing
blood pressure.”
ANS: A
, Blood pressure is maintained by fluid volume in circulation, the force of heart contractions, and
the constriction of blood vessels that provide resistance. All diuretics help lower blood pressure
by reducing the amount of fluid (volume) in the blood. Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics also
relax blood vessel smooth muscle, which decrease vascular resistance to blood flow. The
reduced volume and decreased resistance result in lower blood pressure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 134
3. You are teaching a patient about the side effects of diuretics. Which health problem is a
potential side effect or adverse reaction of any class of diuretic drug?
a. Dehydration
b. Heart failure
c. Blurred vision
d. Urinary tract infection ANS: A
Diuretics work by increasing the excretion of water through urination. When water loss is
excessive, dehydration of the circulatory system or even the whole body can occur. Diuretic
therapy helps improve the symptoms of heart failure and do not cause blurred vision. Although a
urinary tract infection can occur in a patient taking a diuretic, the drug is not the direct cause.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 134
4. A patient has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which
statement made by the patient indicates the need for more teaching?
a. “Since I work at night, I take my drug when I first wake up rather than in the morning.”
b. “If my hearing decreases, I will notify my healthcare provider.”
c. “I make sure to space my fluid intake evenly throughout the day.”
d. “When I travel long distances, I will plan to skip my diuretic that day.” ANS: D
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