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BSNC 2000 Midterm prep Questions with Revised Answers

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BSNC 2000 Midterm prep Questions with Revised Answers What influences cardiac contractility - Answer--amt of contractile proteins in cardiac muscle fibers -levels of intracellular Ca -availabilty of ATP What increases cardiac contractilty? - Answer--SNS innervation -E and NE -glucagon -t...

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  • August 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • BSNC 2000
  • BSNC 2000
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Scholarsstudyguide
BSNC 2000 Midterm prep Questions
with Revised Answers
What influences cardiac contractility - Answer--amt of contractile proteins in cardiac
muscle fibers
-levels of intracellular Ca
-availabilty of ATP

What increases cardiac contractilty? - Answer--SNS innervation
-E and NE
-glucagon
-thyroid hormone

What decreases cardiac contractilty? - Answer-_hypoxia
-beta blockers
-Ca channel blockers

What does vertebral artery converge into to form - Answer-basilar artery which
bifurcates into 2 PCA

Left brain damage symptoms - Answer-Aphasia
aware of the deficits (depression and anxiety)
slow and cautious behaviours
right eye deficit

Right brain damage symptoms - Answer-left side neglect
left eye deficit
unaware of deficits
quick and impulsive behaviours

Stroke is a vascular disorder due to - Answer-obstruction
OR
blood vessel damage

What does a stroke result in - Answer-acute focal neurologic deficit

How is blood flow impaired - Answer-ischemic or hemorrhagic

Where does hemrohaggic stroke cause impaired blood flow - Answer-intracerebral or
subarachnoid
(blood vessels weaken and rupture)

,Where does ischemic stroke cause impaired blood flow - Answer-cerebrovascular
obstruction by thrombus / emboli
hypotensive by hypotension

Lacunar stroke - Answer-stroke affecting small penetrating arteries

Ischemic strokes can be: - Answer--thrombotic
-Embolic
-or hypotensive

thrombotic stroke (isch) - Answer--assosiated w atherosclerosis
-plaques build and obstructs blood flow

embolic stroke (isch) - Answer-embolus travels to brain and lodges in smaller artery
-due to thromboembolism (broken off thrombus)

what is embolus made of - Answer-fat cells, air bubbles, tumor cells

Where do thromboemboli that cause embolic stroke originate - Answer-atherosclerotic
plaque from carotid artery
or
left atrium

how does afib inc risk of embolic stroke - Answer-blood pooling causes formation of clot
to travel + block circulation

T/F deep vien thrombosis can cause embolic stroke - Answer-not a huge risk unless it
travels through capillary network in lung to heart

What causes lacunar strokes - Answer--USUALLY DUE TO HTN
narrowing of small penetrating arteries that supply deep brain structures
-eg basal nuclei, brain stem

watershed strokes (hypotn/hypo perf) - Answer-occur in broder zones btn major
cerebral arteries

transient ischemic attack (TIA) - Answer-temp neuro deficit
(resolved within 24 hour)

what causes a TIA - Answer-localized reduction in cerebral blood flow

intracerebral hemorrhage - Answer-rupture of weakened artery
-bleeding INTO BRAIN TISSUEQ

subarachnoid hemorrhage - Answer-rupture of berry aneurism
-bleeding INTO brain surface

, Causes of hemorrhagic stroke - Answer--HTN
-ruptured aneurysm
-weakoned vesels
-deficiency in blood clotting

arteriovenous malformation (AVM) - Answer-congenital defect where a capillary bed
doesnt form btn arterioles and venules
-arteriole blood is shunted

cerebral aneurysm - Answer-dilation of cerebral artery

what causes a cerebral aneurysm - Answer-anything that weakens blood vessel walls

core - Answer-cell death and necrosis
-permanent loss of neurons and function

microorganisms that initiate infection - Answer-protozoa, fungi, bacteria, virus, parasites

BACTERIA - Answer-reproduce independently
need host for replication
synthesize DNA and RNA
EG: CDI, staphyloccus, e-coli
TREATED W/antibiotics

VIRAL - Answer-immediate / dormant
invades host for replication (blocks genetic protein synthesis)
interferes w normal cell function of host, how it develops
EG: HIV, HEP (A, B, C, E), ebola, SARS

FUNGAL - Answer-Yeasts, molds, mushrooms
can lead to death in immune comp ppl
can develop when body treated w antibiotics
EG: tinea pedis, candidiasis, lobomycosis

PROTOZOA / PARASITIC - Answer-gen. infect immune comp. ppl
spread by ingesting fecal oral route
EG: giardiasis, malaria, pediculosis, trichnosis

Bacteremia - Answer-lab confirmed presense of bacteria in blood

Fungemia - Answer-blood stream infection by fungal organism

most common HAI - Answer-UTI

Infectious disease - Answer-DIRECT effect of pathogen

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