What was the major problem with the concept of autism subtypes?
Autism was presented as a complex behavior condition.
It proved difficult in practice to make unambiguous distinctions between them.
There were longer diagnostic criteria to differentiate ASD from other disorders.
It became too dif...
SPCE 680, exam 1
What was the major problem with the concept of autism subtypes?
Autism was presented as a complex behavior condition.
It proved difficult in practice to make unambiguous distinctions between them.
There were longer diagnostic criteria to differentiate ASD from other disorders.
It became too difficult for researchers to conduct studies. - It proved difficult in practice to make
unambiguous distinctions between them.
1950's - the year more children were brought to Dr.'s w/ being socially withdrawn, delayed/absent
language and other behaviors
neurosis - psychoanalysts and psychotherapists concluded that autism was a form of _________.
1970's - by the _____ the theory that autism was a form of neurosis was disproved
Groups who objected to the changes in the DSM 5 - - people with an existing subtype diagnosis
and their families
- professionals involved in work relating to autism, including clinicians with responsibility for diagnosis,
and also some researchers
Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5 - - DSM - 5 abandoned the PDD subtypes from DSM- IV, returning
to the earlier notions of autism as a single mental health condition, known as autism spectrum disorder
- For a diagnosis of autism, behavior must be impaired in two, instead of three, ways.
- Restricted and repetative behavior remains and essential element in the diagnostic criteria. However,
sensory behaviors are now included as one of the most common forms of RRBs
- Diagnostic criteria for ASD are now supplemented by descriptors, concerning the severity of the
criterial impairments or anomalies and the presence of any specifiers
- Delayed or impaired language is listed as a possible specifier
- Behaviors essential for a diagnosis of ASD may not be 'become fully manifest' and cause for concern
until 'demands exceed limited capacities'
, - A new category was created, social communication disorder
Reasons the Autism Subtypes in favor of a Spectrum - - Fuzzy boundaries: it proved difficult in
practice to make unambiguous distinctions between the subtypes of autism
- Diagnostic instability: individuals change- they show improvement and they regress
The term ___________________ increasingly commonly used from the 1990s onward. - autism
spectrum
Why add descriptors? - - facilitate the development of appropriate, individualized treatment plans
- make diagnostic criteria broad enough to encompass the whole range of people with autism related
behavior
Why change the status of impaired language? - Since impaired language is not invariably present
in people with ASD, it was listed as a specifier rather then put it under the umbrella of socio-
communicative impairment
Why allow for late diagnosis? - greater recognition of mild forms of ASD occurring in able
individuals who compensate well and who 'get by' socially - at least until some life event brings their
autism related problems under the spotlight.
social communication disorder - Persistent difficulties in the social use of verbal and nonverbal
communication
Wing's four types of autism related social behavior - 1. aloof: behave as if other people did not
exist
2. passive: accept social approaches but do not initiate social interaction
3. active but odd: make social approaches to other people, but do so in a peculiar, one sided fashion
4. overly formal, stilted: try very hard to behave well and cope by sticking to the rules of social
interaction
According to Hans Asperger, children with autistic psychopathy may present with __________________ .
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