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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Asthma - Correct Answer Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles What are 5 s/s of asthma - Correct Answer coughing wheezing shortness of breath r...

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  • August 15, 2024
  • 52
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Rasmussen Pathophysiology - Final Exam Review
Questions with Correct Answers
On an electrocardiogram (EKG), the P wave represents which of the following?

A) Atrial depolarization

B) Ventricular depolarization

C) Atrial repolarization

D) Ventricular repolarization - Correct Answer A) Atrial depolarization



Select all that apply. Which lab values are incorrect?

A. Na+ 135-145

B. K+ 2.3-2.9

C. Mg 1.8-2.4

D. Calcium 2-3 - Correct Answer B. K+ 2.3-2.9

D. Calcium 2-3



What electrolyte, if too high or low, can cause cardiac arrhythmias?

A. Mg

B. Na+

C. K+

D. Ca - Correct Answer C. K+



A patient has ABGS as follows: pH 7.28, PaC02 59, HC03 24, PaO2 85. This would be diagnosed as

A. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia

B. Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia

C. Metabolic acidosis with hypoxemia

D. Metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia - Correct Answer A. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia



This type of cell is found in all the tissues of the body, and as part of the inflammatory response,
releases histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

A. Leukocyte

B. Mast cell

,C. CD4 helper cell

D. Macrophage - Correct Answer B. Mast cell



An increase in the size of cells in an organ is known as

A. Neoplasia

B. Hyperplasia

C. Atrophy

D. Apoptosis - Correct Answer B. Hyperplasia



The organelle in the cell that is responsible for producing ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is the

A. Golgi body

B. Endoplasmic reticulum

C. Ribosome

D. Mitochondria - Correct Answer D. Mitochondria



Homeostasis is defined as:

A. A state of equilibrium in an organism

B. A blood clotting mechanism

C. Part of the inflammatory process

D. Cellular adaptation - Correct Answer A. A state of equilibrium in an organism



A benign tumor usually metastasizes.

A. True

B. False - Correct Answer B. False



A malignant growth tends to produce (SAA)

A. Anaplastic cells

B. Metastatic tumors

C. Undifferentiated cells

D. Cells that invade the basement membrane of an organ - Correct Answer All of the above

,The ion imbalance that is responsible for raising or lowering the pH is:

A. Potassium

B. Hydrogen

C. Calcium

D. Magnesium - Correct Answer B. Hydrogen



This cell engulfs bacteria and destroys them:

A. Phagocyte

B. Neutrophil

C. Granulocyte

D. Eosinophil - Correct Answer A. Phagocyte



This type of WBC is usually elevated with nasal allergies

A. Basophil

B. Mast cells

C. Macrophage

D. Neutrophil - Correct Answer A. Basophil



The patient's WBC count is 18. This would indicate:

A. Anemia

B. Allergic reaction

C. Infection

D. Anemia - Correct Answer C. Infection



The first stage of the GAS syndrome results in (Select all that apply)

A. Epinephrine release

B. Constriction of pupils

C. Increased blood pressure

D. Bradycardia

E. Tachycardia - Correct Answer A. Epinephrine release

C. Increased blood pressure

, E. Tachycardia



An example of artificially acquired active immunity would be

A. An influenza vaccination

B. A tetanus antitoxin after stepping on rusty metal

C. Taking an antibiotic for an infection

D. An IV infusion of IgG - Correct Answer A. An influenza vaccination



A low count of this type of cell may indicate that HIV has progressed to AIDS.

A. T cells

B. CD4 helper cells

C. B cells

D. Complement complexes - Correct Answer B. CD4 helper cells



B cells mature in the _________________, T cells mature in the ________________.

A. Hypothalamus, thymus

B. Thymus, Endocrine glands

C. Bone marrow, thymus

D. Cardiovascular system, respiratory system - Correct Answer C. Bone marrow, thymus



This makes the body's temperature elevate in response to macrophages that have been exposed to
bacteria.

A. Leukocytes

B. Pyrogens

C. Interferons

D. Inflammatory response. - Correct Answer B. Pyrogens



The first WBC to arrive after injury

A. Neutrophils

B. Eosinophils

C. Macrophages

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