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Antimuscarinic Drugs (Anticholinergic) Questions With Complete Solutions
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Antimuscarinic Drugs (Anticholinergic) Questions With Complete Solutions
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Antimuscarinic Drugs (Anticholinergic) Questions WithComplete Solutions
The most important drugs in this category are: Correct Answers
......
1. *atropine and homatropine
......
2. *l-hyoscyamine (Anaspaz)
3. *scopolamine and methscopolamine
4. *dicyclomine (Bentyl)
5. *propantheline
6. *glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
7. *ipratropium (Atrovent)
8. *tiatropium (Spiriva)
9. *aclidinium (Tudorza)
10. *benztropine (Cogentin)
11. *trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
12. *tolterodine (Detrol)
13. *oxybutynin (Ditropan)
14. *solifenacin (VESIcare)
15. *fesoterodine (Toviaz)
16. trospium (Sanctura, Spazmex)
17. *tropicamide (Mydriacyl)
18. cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
19. flavoxate (Urispas)
20. mepenzolate (Cantil)
21. oxphencyclimine (Daricon)
22. darifenacin (Enablex)
23. trospium (Sanctura)
24. clindium
25. belladonna extracts or tinctures
26. others
, Anitmuscarinics act as Correct Answers competitive antagonists
...... ......
of muscarinic receptors
Pharmacologic Effects of Antimuscarinics Correct Answers 1.
...... ......
drying of secretions (lacrimal, salivary, respiratory, GI, sweat,
etc..).
2. decrease tone and motility of GI tract
3. relaxation of the bladder and urine retention
4. bronchodilation
5. mydriasis (dilation of pupil) with cycloplegia (loss of
accommodation) and pronounced increase in intraocular
pressure
6. increased heart rate - Note that atropine, but not the other
agents, may initially cause a slight transient bradycardia. The
mechanism underlying this effect is beyond the scope of this
lecture.
7. CNS - sedation and amnesia at low doses; excitation and
seizures at toxic doses. Agents that are quaternary salts do not
produce these CNS effects.
Common Therapeutic uses of antimuscarnics. Correct Answers ......
1. treatment of GI disorders - cramping, diarrhea, irritable bowel
......
syndrome, etc.
2. urology - treatment of urinary incontinence
3. ophthalmologic use as mydriatic agents - do not use in
patients with glaucoma
4. use in anesthesiology as a preoperative medication to reduce
vagal tone on the heart and to dry secretions - also used to
prevent muscarinic side effects when cholinesterase inhibitors
are used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blockers.
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