BIO 446L Exam 1 Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 446
Institution
BIO 446
Plasma Membrane Composed of lipids and two types of proteins Has proteins embedded or passing through (integral or transmembrane) Has peripheral membrane proteins associated with membrane but not embedded Extracellular surface has carbohydrates that attach to glycoproteins, glycolipids to form glyc...
BIO 446L Exam 1 Test Questions and
Correct Answers
Plasma Membrane ✅Composed of lipids and two types of proteins
Has proteins embedded or passing through (integral or transmembrane)
Has peripheral membrane proteins associated with membrane but not embedded
Extracellular surface has carbohydrates that attach to glycoproteins, glycolipids to form
glycocalyx
Lipids rafts ✅composed of cholesterol molecules in membrane, they are a collection
whenever bunched up
Mitochondria ✅Not present in RBC or terminal keratinocytes
Has two membranes
Folding of inner membrane, cristae (increases surface area)
Ribosomes ✅Assemble polypeptides
Smooth ER ✅site of lipid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism
used for detoxifying
Rough ER ✅Makes new proteins and sends off to golgi in a vesicle
Golgi Apparatus ✅modifies and completes protein synthesis initiated by the ERE
Places proteins in a shipping vacuoles to move whithin cell or be secreted
Cell granules ✅Secretory granules: vesicles for shipping out
Lysosomes: digest things in cells
Peroxisomes: oxidize substrates
Proteasomes: associated with ERAD
Microtubules ✅Form near nucleus and grow toward cell periphery
Create systems of connections whithin cell
Guide vesicles in movements within cell
LIKE HIGHWAYS
Microfilaments ✅Actin filaments (cell shape)
In all cell types
Often grouped in bundles
Movement of membrane proteins
Form structuralcore of microvilli
Extension of cell processes
, Movement of cell
Intermediate Filaments ✅Have support and structural role
Keratin (epithelial cells)
VImentin (muscle, glial)
Neurofilaments (neurons)
Lamins (in nucleus of cells)
Stemm Cells and Asymmetric Cell Division ✅One cell always stays as stem cell and
other start differentiating
General Characteristics of Epithelium ✅Largely or entirely of closely packed cells with
little ECF
Arranged in sheets of single cell simple or multiple cell stratified cell
Free surface is exposed to external or internal space and basal surface in attached to
basal lamina (basement membrane)
AVASCULAR (no blood vessels)
Have nerve supply
High capacity for renewal
Functions of Epithelia ✅Mechanical protection
Absorption
Secretion
Lubrication
Structure of Epithelia ✅Rest on connective tissue (lamina propria)
Line the cavity of internal organs
Evaginations in the connective tissue for papillae
Basal Lamina ✅Binds epithelium to underlying connective tissue
Composed of TYPE 4 COLLAGEN, glycoproteins and proteoglycans
Basement membrane ✅Formed by two laminae, basal and reticular
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