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VUSN pharm exam 3 (100% correct and graded A+)
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  • VUSN Pharm

Cholestyramine - statin Action: reduces LDL binds with bile salt in intestines --> bile acids + cholesterols are eliminated in feces adverse effects: constipation, bloating, belching, esophageal irritation & obstruction Fibric Acid Derivatives - gemfibrozil use: reduces VLDL & triglycerides...

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  • August 16, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • VUSN pharm
  • VUSN pharm

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VUSN pharm exam 3
Cholestyramine - statin

Action: reduces LDL

binds with bile salt in intestines --> bile acids + cholesterols are eliminated in feces

adverse effects: constipation, bloating, belching, esophageal irritation & obstruction



Fibric Acid Derivatives - gemfibrozil

use: reduces VLDL & triglycerides

action: inhibits breakdown of stored fats, uptake of fatty acids, triglyceride production

adverse effects: N/V, cholelithiasis, inc INR w/ warfarin, GI comp



Nicotinic Acid - niacin

use: reduces VLDL & LDL, triglycerides

action: inhibits release of free fatty acids, increased lipoprotein lipase activity

Side effects: flushing, itching, stimulation of prostaglandins, GI intolerance, myalgia

*take aspirin before morning dose



HMG - CoA reductase inhibitors - Rosuvastatin

action: inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, reduces cholesterol synthesis & LDL

*nocturnal dosing

adverse effect: GI distress, rhabdomyolysis

*discontinue in cases of: muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, fever

monitor CK labs

interactions: grapefruit, pomegranates



beta blocker metoprolol - use: HTN, chest pain, post MI, dysthymias, HF

, action: block B1, <B2, decrease HR & contractility, decrease renin, decrease PVR

*negative chronotrope, isotrope

routes: PO, IR, SR, IV, ophthalmologic

contra: DM, chronic lung disease, HF on Dig, hyperthyroid, bradycardia, 2nd degree HB or greater, < 6yo

interact: other antihypertensives, digoxin (increase bradycardia), neuromuscular, blocking agents

Nurse Interventions (NI): orthostatic hypotnsn, monitor VS (BP, HR), edema

Client edu: do not discontinue abruptly, taper after 2 wks, check bp & hr, report edema, report new
chest pain



alpha adrenergic blocker - doxazosin

use: decrease BP, bph

action: alpha 1 blocker, decreases vasoconstriction (venous & arterial)

S.E.: reflex tachycardia, orthostatic hypotnsn

contra: liver disease, preg, low bp, children, EtOH, sildenafil

NI: check HR & ortho hypo, check bp, pulse

client edu: take at night, rise slowly, report dizziness/ syncope



ACE inhibitors / Angiotensin II blockers - Captopril / Losartin

use: HTN, AMI, LV fatigue

action: Captopril-- blocks angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2, breakdown bradykinin

Losartin-- blocks receptor sit of angiotensin II to angiotensin

PO, IV

SE: hypotension, andioedema, dry hacking cough, HYPERKALEMIA, fetal harm, RENAL FAILURE

contra: pregnancy, previous run, hypotension

interact: K-SPARING DIURETICS, k supplement, other antihypertensive meds

NI: vs-BP monitor cough, facial swelling, labs-K, creatinine, discontinue if angioedema

Client Edu: VS, report cough, swelling, palpitations, chest pain, pregnancy



Calcium channel blockers - Niphedipine - Dihydropine

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