Exam (elaborations)

LifeSci 2A03 Test 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

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LifeSci 2A03

LifeSci 2A03 Test 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? They produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for various cellular processes. How do lysosomes contribute to cellular homeostasis? They break dow...

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lifesci 2a03 test 1 questions and answers 100 pa

Institution LifeSci 2A03
Course LifeSci 2A03

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LifeSci 2A03 Test 1 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

✔✔ They produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for various cellular

processes.

How do lysosomes contribute to cellular homeostasis?

✔✔ They break down and recycle cellular waste, damaged organelles, and macromolecules to

maintain cellular balance.

What role does the endoplasmic reticulum play in protein synthesis?

✔✔ The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in synthesizing and folding proteins, while the

smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

How does the fluid mosaic model describe the structure of cell membranes?

✔✔ It suggests that the cell membrane is a flexible, dynamic layer with proteins embedded in or

attached to a phospholipid bilayer, allowing for fluid movement.

1

,What is the significance of the Golgi apparatus in cellular function?

✔✔ It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum for

secretion or delivery to other organelles.

How do ribosomes contribute to cellular protein production?

✔✔ Ribosomes translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which are then

folded into functional proteins.

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells in terms of their internal organization?

✔✔ Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas eukaryotic cells

have a defined nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles.

How does the cytoskeleton support cellular structure and function?

✔✔ The cytoskeleton provides structural support, helps maintain cell shape, and facilitates

intracellular transport and cell division through its network of filaments and tubules.

What role do peroxisomes play in the cell?

✔✔ Peroxisomes are involved in breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances

through oxidative reactions.

2

, How do cell junctions contribute to tissue integrity?

✔✔ Cell junctions, such as tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions, help maintain the

structural integrity of tissues and facilitate communication between adjacent cells.

How do chloroplasts function in plant cells?

✔✔ Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, producing

glucose and oxygen.

What is the role of the central vacuole in plant cells?

✔✔ It stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure, which is essential for

maintaining the plant's structure.

How does passive transport differ from active transport across cell membranes?

✔✔ Passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules along the concentration

gradient, while active transport requires energy (ATP) to move molecules against the gradient.

What is the function of the nucleolus within the nucleus?

3

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