Lecture notes - EU politics & policy - Every lesson present!
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Course
Politiek en beleid van de Europese Unie (F710382)
Institution
Universiteit Gent (UGent)
This document is a collection of all information obtained from professor Claire Dupont during the lessons. It includes both the information that is displayed on the slides and her information that she tells during the lessons, as well as some examples and links. For me, these 30 pages provided a cl...
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1 – The EU at a glance.....................................................................................................................................................3
A – What is the European Union.................................................................................................................................3
B – EU objectives and values.......................................................................................................................................3
C – EU institutions.......................................................................................................................................................3
D – Decision making in the EU.....................................................................................................................................4
2 – EU law........................................................................................................................................................................ 5
A – Why study EU law?................................................................................................................................................5
B – decision making in the EU......................................................................................................................................7
3 – the European council.................................................................................................................................................8
A – What is the European Council?.............................................................................................................................8
B – History of the European Council............................................................................................................................8
C – Organisation of the European Council...................................................................................................................8
D – Role of the European Council................................................................................................................................8
E – Eurosummit...........................................................................................................................................................8
4 – The council of the European Union...........................................................................................................................8
A – roles of the council................................................................................................................................................8
B – decisionmaking......................................................................................................................................................8
C – organization of council..........................................................................................................................................9
D – ordinary legislative procedure...............................................................................................................................9
E – presidency...........................................................................................................................................................10
F – Liberal intergovernmentalism..............................................................................................................................11
5 – The European Commission......................................................................................................................................11
A - What is the European Commission?....................................................................................................................11
B - Roles of the commission......................................................................................................................................11
C - Organization.........................................................................................................................................................12
D - Historical development........................................................................................................................................12
6 - European parliament................................................................................................................................................13
A - Historical development........................................................................................................................................13
B – Expanding powers...............................................................................................................................................13
C – The organization of the European Parliament.....................................................................................................13
D – President of the EP..............................................................................................................................................13
E – Political groups....................................................................................................................................................13
F – committees..........................................................................................................................................................13
G – The EP role..........................................................................................................................................................13
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, H – Ordinary legislative procedure............................................................................................................................14
I – How does the parliament decide?........................................................................................................................14
J – EP elections..........................................................................................................................................................14
7 – Court of Justice of the European Union...................................................................................................................14
A – Role and organization of the Court......................................................................................................................14
B – Proceedings.........................................................................................................................................................15
C – Fundamental Case Law........................................................................................................................................16
8 – Stakeholders and lobbying in the EU.......................................................................................................................16
A – Who lobbies the institutions of the EU................................................................................................................16
B – Why is lobbying important? Is there a legal basis?..............................................................................................17
C – Access: Where are lobbyist going?......................................................................................................................17
D – The Brussels Bubble............................................................................................................................................17
E – Key policies subject to lobbying...........................................................................................................................17
F – Voice: projecting influence in the EU...................................................................................................................18
G – Legitimate representation vs. corporate capture................................................................................................18
H – Corporate capture...............................................................................................................................................19
I – Conclusion............................................................................................................................................................19
8 – National Parliaments...............................................................................................................................................19
A – Problem?.............................................................................................................................................................19
B – Protocol (No1) on the role of national parliaments in the EU.............................................................................19
C – Protocol (No2) – on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality...................................20
D – Early warning system (EWS)................................................................................................................................20
E – Posted workers....................................................................................................................................................20
F – Analysis................................................................................................................................................................21
G – Self study.............................................................................................................................................................21
9 – EU foreign and security policy.................................................................................................................................21
A – History common foreign and security policy (CFSP)............................................................................................21
B – Common Foreign and security policy today.........................................................................................................22
C – History common security and defence policy......................................................................................................23
D – Common security and defence policy today.......................................................................................................24
Discussing COP27..........................................................................................................................................................24
Challenges in and to EU governance.............................................................................................................................26
A – Why could the rise of populism represent a challenge to the EU........................................................................26
B - Self study: The language of populists and the choice of ‘evidence’.....................................................................27
C – Crisis responses: solving the problem? Or patching the holes & delaying the solution?.....................................27
D – Examen................................................................................................................................................................27
Article – Intergovernmentalists in the Commission.......................................................................................................28
A – Basic knowledge......................................................................................................................................................28
2
, B – Article.................................................................................................................................................................. 28
Article: After Lisbon – National parliaments in the EU..................................................................................................29
= the EU offers its citizens an area of free movement
(people and things)
- At the end of this area there are borders
- The decisions on how to control the external
border differs from the people who have
control in the COEU
1 – The EU at a glance
A – What is the European Union Article 3..3, TEU
- 27 countries are members = talks about the economic vision an it’s internal
- 24 official languages market
It is difficult to give an exact definition of the EU it’s Article 3.4, TEU
a combination of several things like democracy, = The Union shall establish an economic and monetary
international organization, economic union … union whose currency is the euro.
- It’s certainly a rule-making body
- Is at the minimum a political union, economic Article 3.5, TEU
union and = the EU sets objections for itself and they have to
- Includes elements of an international uphold those values. They also show how they have to
organization and a democratic governance communicate with the other countries
system
- Is not a federation or state C – EU institutions
- Was formed after WOII, through cooperation
Import abbreviations
Uses Treaties to make a policy - COEU = council of the European Union
= can be seen as the ‘constitutions’ of the EU (the - EP = European Parliament
founding/basics treaties) - COM = Council of ministers
- EUCO = European Council
The last one is ‘the treaty of Lisbon’ has 2 main
treaties 1 The European Parliament
- TEU (treaty of EU = what are the objections, - Co-deciding institution of the EU
ambitions and values?) - Directly elected by European citizens
- TFEU (treaty of functioning of EU = how do we - 705 members MEP’s (members of the
do this? Rules on how to make policy) European parliament)
= whatever the EU does, has to have a source in - Located in Brussels, Luxembourg & Strasbourg
one of those 2 = why in different places? Every country wants
something that is related to the EU so some
B – EU objectives and values institutions have different buildings like this
= can be found in the TEU one
= can they move/change the seat in
EU motto united in diversity Strasbourg? If they want to do that, they have
to decide unanimously
Article 2, TEU - Every month, the MEP’s move to Strasbourg
= The Union is founded on the values of respect for for a week to have their meetings over there
humans. - They work in political groups
- President = Roberta Metsola (since 2022/EPP
Article 3.1, TEU group)
= The union promotes peace how does it want to - In the parliament, they work across political
function inside the EU groups.
Every group is the closest you can come to
Article 3.2, TEU a party on national level.
= divided by ideology
(bv. ECR = far-right, RE = liberal)
3
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