20th century - ANSWER nursing was not recognized as an academic discipline
or a profession
discipline - ANSWER branch of education, a department of learning, or a
domain of knowledge that is leading to higher education levels of education
and practice
basis for nursing as a discipline - ANSWER person, health, and environment
Kuhn - ANSWER study of paradigms is what mainly prepares the student for
membership in a particular scientific community with which he/she will
practice
profession - ANSWER specialized field of practice founded on the theoretical
structure of the science or knowledge discipline and accompanying practice
abilities
epistemology - ANSWER study of knowledge; a branch of philosophy that
aims to discover the meaning of knowledge and called it the true beginning
of philosophy
rationalism - ANSWER prior reasoning, cause to effect, general to specific,
theory-then-research approach, and intellectual & deductive
empiricism - ANSWER five senses, experimentations, specific to general,
research-then-theory approach, inductive
positivism - ANSWER dominant view of modern nursing
empirical research and logical analysis - ANSWER two approaches that would
produce scientific knowledge
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