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medical emergencies final questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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medical emergencies final questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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medical emergencies finalmedical history importance in allergic reactions - ANSThe more allergies, the more likely to have
allergic responses to dental item or drug used
questions to ask allergic patient - ANS-Allergies to antibiotics, aspirin, NSAIDs, morphine,
codeine, anitanxiety drugs, anesthetics, acrylics, latex, bee stings, idoine, pollen, or foods?
allergic reaction mechanism - ANS-Release of histamine due to repeated exposure to foreign
substances (allergen)
-Histamine release causes capillaries to dialate and BP decreases
-Increase gastric secretions (vomiting, nausea, diarrhea)
-Constricts smooth muscles (bronchial-impairs breathing)
types of allergic reactions - ANS-Immediate or delayed (days) those that happen w/in 30 mins of
exposure most serious and life threatening, After 60 mins, less chance of death
-Localized to 1 area (skin rash) or generalized to whole body (anaphylaxis)
-Mild to severe
the more rapidly signs and symptoms of allergy occur after exposure, and the faster it
progresses - ANSThe more intense is the ultimate reaction and the more aggressive its
management
skin reactions - ANS-Most common reaction to drug adminsistration but can be from other
sources
-Can be topical or ingested substances (systematic)
-Uticaria (itching, hives) erythema (redness, rash) and angioedema (localized swelling usually
around periorbital, perioral, and intraoral areas of face, as well as extremities)
-Skin reactions which develop rapidly may be first sign of anaphylaxis
management of allergic reaction - ANS-Stop dental procedure
-Position that's most comfortable
-ABC-asses BLS as needed
-Remove allergen
-Administer histamine blocker as needed
-Continue monitoring vital signs
-Symptoms advancing -epi and 911
administering of epinephrine for mild localized reaction - ANS-Oral histamine blocker of
diphenhydramine 50 mg (adult), 25mg (child); patient continues this does 3-4x a day for the next
2-3 days.
-Onset of action 30-60 mins
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