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COMD 5070 Exam 2/75 Questions and Answers
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COMD 5070 Exam 2/75 Questions andAnswers
What is fundamental frequency? - -- The lowest frequency of a periodic
waveform.
- Lowest rate of repetition.
- If the waveform has aperiodic components, they could be lower than the
fundamental.
- A physical measure.
-Can complex waves still be periodic? - -Yes. Simple or complex it does not
matter.
-What does it mean to be "nearly periodic"? - -There is a repeating pattern
but pattern is not perfect. Minor deviations.
-What is the period of a sound? - -The amount of time it takes for a wave to
travel a distance of a wavelength. Equal to 1/F0.
-What does the Hz unit mean... can you explain it in your own words? - -1
Hz = 1 cycle per second. A standard unit of frequency.
-Why would SLPs be interested in measurements of fundamental frequency?
- -No voice is perfectly periodic, and variability equates to perturbation. It
corresponds to hoarseness and roughness that SLPs would be interested in
knowing. Sometimes people want to work on changing the pitch of their
speech. Sometimes that's a clinical goal that people have. They're unhappy
with the pitch that they speak at. we need really precise
calculations of the period from one peak to the next if we're going to be able
to detect those tiny inconsistencies from one cycle to the next that are
reflected in Shimmer In order to see jitter, which is the change in duration
from one to the next consecutive cycle,
-When the vocal folds vibrate faster/slower, what is the perceived change in
a person's voice? (e.g. is it louder, softer, higher, or lower in pitch?) - -When
vocal folds vibrate faster, the pitch is higher. Slow vocal folds produce a
lower pitch.
-Describe a register - -a pattern of vocal fold vibration.
-modal register - -a typical speaking voice, the whole mass of vocal fold
oscillates, it is known as your chest voice and has a wide dynamic range. Has
a mucosal cover, collagen and elastic fibers. Mid range singing.
, -pulse register - -vocal fry, has a crackly quality and occurs at a very low F0
range. Vocal fold sticks. Limited pitch and loudness.
-falsetto - -the high end of F0. Vocal folds are stretched tightly. Little to no
movement of muscles.
-Which register includes mid range singing - -modal
-which register has limited pitch and loudness - -pulse register
-which register occur at a lower F0 - -A pulse register
-Which register occur at a higher f0 - -falsetto
-which register has the larger f0/lpudness range - -modal
-What does it mean if a person has a lack of variability in their fundamental
frequency across a reading passage (i.e. how would they sound)? - -
monotone
-What does the standard deviation of fundamental frequency tell you? - -
show what the speaker typically does, or habitual behavior
-What are some factors that might affect a person's fundamental frequency?
- -- gender
- age
-vocal fold edema
- emotional state
- mass of vocal folds
- muscle atrophy over age
-Does fundamental frequency change with age? - -yes
-Why might a voice disorder change a person's fundamental frequency? - --
vocal fold edema causes slower vocal fold vibration
- parkinson's causes less flexibility in muscle movemnts
- laryngeal disorders usually dont affect f0 but modules can cause rougher
voices
-What are "practice effects"? - -Reading or changing F0 through expressions
during therapy or exercises to help increase range.
-Can sound travel through mediums other than air? - -Yes, solid objects can
vibrate at frequencies that we can hear. "resonance:"
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