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Nursing A Concept Based Approach to Learning 3rd Edition Pearson Education
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Nursing A Concept Based Approach to Learning 3rd Edition Pearson Education
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Test Bank: Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning 3rd Edition by Pearson Education - Ch. 1-21, 9780134616803, with Rationales
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Test Bank For Nursing A Concept Based Approach to Learning3rd Edition Pearson Education | 9780134616803 | All Chapters
with Answers and Rationals
1) The nurse is teaching a class to prospective parents about the roles that ribonucleic acid (RNA) and
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) play in the development of the human fetus. The nurse concludes that
the parents understand teaching when what is stated by the parents?
Select all that apply.
A) "RNA will determine what color eyes my baby has."
B) "DNA molecules form the genetic material."
C) "RNA is the messenger that carries DNA to the ribosomes."
D) "DNA is outside the nucleus of the cell."
E) "DNA plays a role in protein synthesis in our bodies." - ANSWER: B, C
Explanation: DNA molecules form the basic genetic material called genes and contain the information
about inherited characteristics. RNA is the messenger that carries DNA to the ribosomes. RNA does
not determine the color of the eyes, but is responsible for protein synthesis. Both RNA and DNA are
contained within the nucleus of each cell.
Page Ref: 30
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Nursing Process: Evaluation
1. Summarize the physiology of the hematological system related to cellular regulation.
2) A nursing instructor is explaining the term hyperplasia to the class. Which statement, made by a
nursing student, indicates an understanding of why hyperplasia occurs with myocardial infarction?
A) "The cells of the muscle experience hyperplasia with the prolonged need for oxygen."
B) "The cells of the heart are metaplastic in response to muscle damage."
C) "The cells of the heart muscle have lost fluid."
D) "The cells of the heart muscle are responding to metabolic needs." - ANSWER: A
Explanation: A) Hyperplasia is an increase in density or number of normal cells in response to stress-in
this case, the increased demand for oxygen. Cells that lose fluid will shrink in size. The cells of a
person's heart do not enlarge as a metabolic response. Metaplasia is a change in the normal pattern
of differentiation of cells.
Page Ref: 32
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Evaluation
2. Examine the relationship between cellular regulation and other concepts/systems.
3) A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with skin cancer. Which nursing interventions
will reduce the growth of cancer cells and support normal cell function?
Select all that apply.
A) Encouraging mobility and exercise
B) Encouraging increased rest and sleep
C) Assessing normal functioning of organ systems
D) Reducing oxygen supply to retard growth of cancer cells
E) Increasing calorie intake - ANSWER: B, C, E
Explanation: Cancer cells grow faster than normal cells, so they use more nutrients for growth,
resulting in wasting, which can only be counteracted by increasing the caloric intake of the client.
Increased rest and sleep give the client's body more energy to fight the cancer cells. Because cancer
cells can grow in any area of the body, it is important for the nurse to assess normal functioning of all
organ systems. Decreasing oxygen supply will retard cancer cell growth but it will also retard normal
,cell health. While clients should not be inactive, they should be taught to reduce activity to reduce
weight loss and provide more energy to the healthy cells.
Page Ref: 39
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Nursing Process: Implementation
3. Identify commonly occurring alterations in cellular regulation and their related therapies.
4) The nurse is preparing to perform a health assessment on a 32-year-old client who has a family
history of cancer. Which questions should the nurse ask the client to assess for the early warning signs
of cancer?
Select all that apply.
A) "Do you have a cough that is associated with seasonal allergies?"
B) "Have you noticed a change in your appetite?"
C) "Have you noticed any cuts that have not healed?"
D) "Have you had any changes in bowel or bladder habits?"
E) "Have you experienced any problems swallowing?" - ANSWER: C, D, E
Explanation: Nurses should assess all clients, especially those with a history of cancer, for early
warning signs of cancer. The early warning signs include change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that
does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere,
indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, or a nagging cough or
hoarseness. Changes in appetite or cough that is associated with seasonal allergies are not associated
with the early warning signs of cancer.
Page Ref: 36
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Nursing Process: Assessment
4. Differentiate common assessment procedures used to examine cellular regulation across the life
span.
5) The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with cancer. Which diagnostic tests may be
helpful to assist with treatment options? Select all that apply.
A) Tumor markers
B) Urinalysis
C) Physical assessment
D) MRI
E) Stool analysis - ANSWER: A, B, D
Explanation Many diagnostic tests are helpful in determining treatment for cancer. An MRI, urinalysis,
and tumor markers are all diagnostic tests that may be used to determine treatment for cancer. A
stool analysis is not a diagnostic test listed to determine treatment for cancer. A physical assessment
may be useful to determine how a client is responding to treatment, but it is not considered a
diagnostic test.
Page Ref: 37
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Planning
5. Describe diagnostic and laboratory tests to determine the individual's cellular regulation status.
6) The nurse instructs a group of community members about ways to reduce the development of
cancer. Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been effective?
Select all that apply.
A) "I should eat at least 2 servings of fruits or vegetables each day."
B) "Sunscreen should be applied before spending time outdoors."
C) "I need to cut down on my smoking."
D) "I need to get my home tested for radon."
E) "I need to keep my children away from smokers." - ANSWER: B, D, E
,Explanation: Efforts to reduce the development of cancer include eating five servings of fruits and
vegetables each day. Sunscreen should be used by those who spend time outside regularly for work
or recreation. All smoking should be discouraged. The home should be tested for radon, which is a
known cancer-causing substance. Children should be protected from exposure to tobacco smoke.
Page Ref: 36
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Nursing Process: Evaluation/Teaching and Learning
6. Explain management of cellular regulation and prevention of alterations in cellular regulation.
7) The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia. Which treatment should the nurse expect to be
prescribed for this client?
A) Diuretic therapy
B) Chemotherapy
C) Electrolyte replacement therapy
D) IV fluid therapy - ANSWER: B
Explanation: The client with an alteration in cell growth has cancer and will most likely be treated with
chemotherapy and antibiotics. Diuretic therapy, IV fluids, and electrolyte replacement are not
typically used to treat the cancer, although they may be used if complications develop.
Page Ref: 33
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Planning
6. Explain management of cellular regulation and prevention of alterations in cellular function.
8) The nurse is caring for an 18-year-old Asian client with a strong family history of breast cancer.
What should the nurse instruct the client regarding cancer prevention?
Select all that apply.
A) Encourage the client to learn more about the disease.
B) Talk to family members who have the disease.
C) Perform monthly breast self-examination.
D) Teach the side effects of cancer treatment.
E) Discuss cancer fears with the healthcare provider. - ANSWER: A, C
Explanation: When there is a familial history of cancer, the family should be encouraged to learn more
about the cancer. Talking to family members who have the disease will not help with early detection
or prevention. In families with a disease, the nurse should inform clients about breast self-
examination. Teaching the side effects of cancer treatment would be appropriate if the client was
diagnosed with breast cancer. The client can discuss cancer fears with the nurse; however, this action
will not help prevent the development of the disease.
Page Ref: 36
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Nursing Process: Implementation
7. Demonstrate the nursing process in providing culturally competent and caring interventions across
the life span for individuals with common alterations in cellular regulation.
9) A client with anemia is prescribed synthetic erythropoietin. What should the nurse expect the
therapeutic effect of this treatment to be?
A) Increase in platelets
B) Increase in red blood cells
C) Decrease in white blood cells
D) Decrease in lymph fluid - ANSWER: B
Explanation: Erythropoietin is a hormone produced in the body to stimulate production of red blood
cells; synthetic forms are available for administration to cancer clients or others with significantly low
red blood cell counts. Erythropoietin will not stimulate or decrease the production of platelets, white
blood cells, or lymph fluid.
Page Ref: 33
, Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Evaluation
8. Compare and contrast common independent and collaborative interventions for clients with
alterations in cellular regulation.
10) The nurse instructor is teaching a group of student nurses regarding human growth and
development. The instructor knows that teaching has been effective when a student states:
A) "The zygote undergoes differentiation to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and
then an infant."
B) "Meiosis occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and ovaries."
C) "Mitosis is also known as the reduction division of the cell."
D) "When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes (50) is
present in the offspring's cells." - ANSWER: B
Explanation: The zygote undergoes mitosis to form a multicellular embryo, which becomes a fetus and
then an infant. Meiosis, the reduction division of the cell, occurs only in the sex cells of the testes and
ovaries. When the two sex cells combine during fertilization, the total number of chromosomes
present in the offspring's cells is 46, not 50.
Page Ref: 32
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Evaluation
1. Summarize the physiology of the hematological system related to cellular regulation.
11) A nursing instructor is teaching student nurses about methods of cellular transport. When
instructing on passive transportation, which information will the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A) Endocytosis
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Exocytosis
D) Phagocytosis - ANSWER: B
Explanation: Passive cellular transportation does not require energy and includes facilitated diffusion,
diffusion, osmosis, and filtration. Active cellular transportation requires energy and includes active
transport pumps, endocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and exocytosis.
Page Ref: 30
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Evaluation
6. Explain management of cellular regulation and prevention of alterations in cellular regulation.
12) A nurse is caring for a client with cancer. The nurse teaches the client about which potentially
undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle? Select all that apply.
A) Hyperplasia
B) Differentiation
C) Anaplasia
D) Dysphagia
E) Adaptation - ANSWER: A, C
Explanation: Potentially undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle include
hyperplasia and anaplasia. Hyperplasia is an increase in the number or density of normal cells, while
anaplasia is the regression of a cell to an immature or undifferentiated cell type.
Differentiation is a normal process occurring over many cell cycles that allows cells to specialize in
certain tasks. Dysphagia and adaptation are not a part of the cell cycle.
Page Ref: 32
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Nursing Process: Implementation
3. Identify commonly occurring alterations in cellular regulation and their related therapies.
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