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Test Bank For Pharmacology Connections ToNursing Practice 4th Edition Adams |
9780134867366 | All Chapters with Answers and
Rationals
The pKa (for the COOH group) of each of the three drugs is as follows: thyroxine = 3.0, mesothyroxine =
4.0, neothyroxine = 5.0. Of these, which will be absorbed to the greatest extent from the stomach (pH =
1.0)? - ANSWER:neothyroxine
The multi drug resistance proteins (or p-glycoproteins) can protect liver and kidney cells by exporting
harmful chemicals against a concentration gradient in an energy-dependent manner. What is this
called? - ANSWER:active transport
Phase II conjugates typically have the following property/properties - ANSWER:rapidly excreted in the
urine
A drug with a half-life of 2 hours is administered by continuous intravenous infusion. How long will it
take for the drug to reach 50% of its steady state concentration? - ANSWER:2 hours
Caffeine is eliminated primarily by metabolism and with first order kinetics. The half-life of caffeine
varies significantly with individuals, but is on average 5.0 hours. The volume of distribution is 0.60 L/kg.
Joe has a mass of 70 kg and is an average subject with regard to caffeine pharmacokinetics. He has a
regular habit of consuming a cup of coffee (85 mg of caffeine) at 8 am.
What is the clearance value (CL) of caffeine in a normal individual? - ANSWER:0.083 L/hr/kg
,Which of the following routes is most likely to be affected by the first-pass effect? - ANSWER:oral
A drug, given as a 150 mg single dose, results in a peak plasma concentration of 10 ug/mL. The apparent
volume of distribution is (rapid distribution and negligible elimination prior to measuring the peak
plasma level): - ANSWER:15 L
Which of the following are routes of drug clearance?
-renal
-sweat
-intestines - ANSWER:all of the above
What factor(s) may reduce drug bioavailability?
-gastric acid instability
-first-pass affect
-exposure to digestive enzymes - ANSWER:all of the above
What type of receptor is the muscarinic receptor? - ANSWER:G-protein coupled receptor
For a cholinesterase modified by an organophosphate compound (e.g. soman), what is the time-
dependent dealkylation process called yielding an enzyme refractory toward reactivation? -
ANSWER:aging
Muscarinic receptors bind - ANSWER:acetylcholine
Which of the following is a clinical use for a muscarinic agonist? - ANSWER:"switching on" the urinary
tract after surgery
, Indirect cholinergic agonists cause - ANSWER:inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and a corresponding
increase in the synaptic acetylcholine levels
Which of the following is characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system? - ANSWER:responded
predominate during physical activity or when experiencing fright
A patient with an acute attack of glaucoma is treated with pilocarpine. The primary reason for its
effectiveness in this condition is its: - ANSWER:ability to lower intraocular pressure
Put the following steps in the correct order for neurotransmission at the cholinergic neuron -
ANSWER:1. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
2. acetylcholine is released from storage vesicles into the synaptic cleft
3. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA
4. acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase
The autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except - ANSWER:skeletal muscle
A soldiers' unit has come under attack with a nerve agent. The symptoms exhibited are skeletal muscle
paralysis, profuse brachial secretions, miosis, bradycardia, and convulsions. The alarm indicates
exposure to an organophosphate. What is the correct treatment? - ANSWER:administer atropine and 2-
PAM (pralidoxime)
a study examining how a drug is distributed throughout the body and how the drug is changed before
eliminated is an example of - ANSWER:pharmacokinetics
knowing that all three drugs interact with the same receptor, which drug is a competitive antagonist? -
ANSWER:C on graph
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