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Real Estate 306 Final Exam Questions with Accurate Answers | Guaranteed Success

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Real Estate 306 Final Exam Questions with Accurate Answers | Guaranteed Success 3 approaches to value - 1. sales comparison (market) approach 2. cost approach 3. income approach sales comparison (market) approach - -value of RE can be determined by analyzing the sale prices of similar proper...

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  • August 17, 2024
  • 32
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Real Estate
  • Real Estate
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JOSHCLAY
Real Estate 306 Final Exam Questions

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3 approaches to value - ✔✔1. sales comparison (market) approach

2. cost approach

3. income approach

sales comparison (market) approach - ✔✔-value of RE can be determined

by analyzing the sale prices of similar properties

-in a competitive market, close substitutes should sell for similar prices

-difficulty: how many truly close substitutes exist & how many of these have

sold recently?

-"one price" rule (i.e. equivalent goods sell for equivalent prices)

*arbitrage not available in RE (can't buy & sell RE quickly)

cost approach - ✔✔-setting a long-run equilibrium

-theory of substitution

estimated reproduction cost of improvements - estimated accrued

depreciation = depreciated cost of building improvements

,+estimated value of site

= indicated value by cost approach



-assumption: cost of creating a property is related to its market value

income approach - ✔✔-"income capitalization"

-theory of anticipation

-value in investment property is a function of the income it is expected to

produce (& inherent risk)

-mimics analytics B&S use



value = PV of expected future CFs (PV of anticipated income



-2 methods: ratio models (direct capitalization & gross rent multiplier) &

discounted cash flow (DCF)

assessed value - ✔✔-value assigned by local government for property tax

purposes

-WI: the assessor's opinion of "market value"

when are value calculations required? - ✔✔-property acquisition is

contemplated

-structure is: modernized, renovated, abandoned, demolished

,-site is developed

-property is used for collateral for a loan

appraisal - ✔✔-more narrow definition, estimation of value

market value - ✔✔-most probable selling price, assuming normal sales

conditions

-may not be fundamental value

-typical buyer/seller interaction in a typical market

investment value - ✔✔-value to a particular individual (investor)

transaction price - ✔✔-price actually paid for a specific property

cost - ✔✔-amount paid to build, create

why do we have to estimate market value? - ✔✔-in markets with perfect

competition, all transactions take place at true market value

-in such markets, no need for B&S to search for true market value of an

asset (revealed by transaction prices of perfect substitutes)

-RE markets do not exist within perfectly competitive conditions

what about private RE markets? - ✔✔-every property is unique

-traded in: illiquid, highly segmented, & inefficient markets

-search costs with matching B&S are significant

, -even the few transactions of comparable properties that we do observe

may not be indicative of the value of the "subject" property

-"fee appraisers" needed to estimate market value of RE assets

who uses market value appraisals? - ✔✔-buyers

-sellers

-corporate acquisitions, mergers or dissolutions, tax & accounting

-courts (divorce, eminent domain, settlement of estates, bankruptcy)

-mortgage lenders

professional appraisal practice - ✔✔-imperfect information

-reliable data & analysis applies

-an appraisal is only as good as the appraiser & data available

-OPINION of value

-UNBIASED opinion of a 3rd PARTY with no direct interest in the property

-Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP)

-Code of Ethics

licensing & certification - ✔✔-Federal legislation passed in response to

collapse in RE markets in late 1980s

-requires appraisals to be state licensed or certified if they prepare federally

related appraisals

-General Certified, Residential, Licensed

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