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Life-Span Development 17th Edition by John - Ch. 1-20, 9781259922787
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Test Bank: Life-Span Development 17th Edition by John - Ch. 1-20, 9781259922787, with Rationales
Lousie Brown was the world's first ______________, giving developmental experts an opportunity to
explore how one's circumstances of conception impact one's development. - ANSWER:test tube baby
_____________ development is the field of study that examines patterns of growth, change, and
stability in behavior that occur from conception through details. - ANSWER:life span
A lifespan developmentalist whose topical focus is the body's makeup is interested in
_______________ development. - ANSWER:physical
___________ development involves the ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities
influence a person's behavior. - ANSWER:cognitive
__________________ development involves the ways that the enduring characteristics that
differentiate one person from another change over the life span. - ANSWER:personality
People who lived in New York City during 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center experienced
shared challenges due to the attack that are called __________ effects. - ANSWER:cohort
Alice's symptoms of menopause include hot flashes and cessation of her monthly menstrual cycle.
Alice's doctor tells her she is experiencing a(n) ____________________. - ANSWER:age-graded
influence
Race is a what kind of concept? - ANSWER:biological
Consider a situation in which a woman comes down with a case of rubella (German Measles) in the
eleventh week of pregnancy. The difference in the way rubella affects the unborn child at these two
times is an example of a __________. - ANSWER:critical period
Freud believed that the ego operates on the ____________. - ANSWER:pleasure principle
Erikson proposed a __________ theory, which emphasized that society and culture influence and
shape us. - ANSWER:psychosocial
Erikson's psychological theory of development proposes _________ distinct stages. - ANSWER:eight
What is the name of the new call formed by the process of fertilization? - ANSWER:zygote
What is the basic unit of genetic information? - ANSWER:gene
Twins who are genetically identical are called _______ twins. - ANSWER:monozygotic
Any difference in future development of monozygotic twins can be attributed only to ____________
factors. - ANSWER:environmental
The 23rd pair of chromosomes in males contains the __________-shaped chromosomes. -
ANSWER:XY
The one trait that is expressed when two competing traits are present is called _____________. -
ANSWER:dominant
Humans have about ___________________ genes. - ANSWER:25,000
, Jose has an extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes. The disorder was once referred to
as mongolism. This will cause him to have __________. - ANSWER:down syndrome
Which test is carried out 15 to 20 weeks into the pregnancy and allows the analysis of fetal cells that
can identify a variety of genetic defects with nearly 100 percent accuracy? - ANSWER:amniocentesis
Patterns of arousal and emotionality that represent consistent and enduring characteristics in an
individual are called ____________. - ANSWER:temperament
Which "Big Five" personality traits refers to the degree emotional stability an individual
characteristically displays? - ANSWER:neuroticism
Parents in the United States are more likely to encourage higher _______ levels, while Asian parents
are more likely to encourage greater ____________. - ANSWER:activity; passivity
In the embryonic stage, the brain begins to undergo rapid development, which causes the head to
represent about ____________ of the total length of the embryo. - ANSWER:50 percent
By the first birthday, the average infant's weight has ____________. - ANSWER:tripled
A baby grasps for his or her rattle at 3 months of age but cannot quite get ahold of it. However, by 11
months, the baby is holding and moving the rattle with total control. This is an example of the
_______________. - ANSWER:principle of hierarchal
_____________ receive messages from other cells, and at their opposite end there is a long extension
a(n) _____________ which carries the messages to other neurons. - ANSWER:dendrites; axon
Communication between neurons is done by means or _______________ that travel across the small
gaps called _______________. - ANSWER:neurotransmitter; synapses
During the first _______ year(s) of life, a baby's brain will establish billions of new connections
between neurons. - ANSWER:2
The basic nerve cell of the nervous system is called a ______________. - ANSWER:neuron
Violently shaking an infant, a form of child abuse known as __________________, can lead to severe
medical problems, long-term physical and learning disabilities, and, often, the child's death. -
ANSWER:shaken baby syndrome
What is specific, but limited, time (usually early in children's lives) during which the child is particularly
susceptible to environmental influences relating to some specific facet to development? -
ANSWER:sensitive period
What is the term for repetitive, cyclical patterns of behavior? - ANSWER:rhythms
Some researchers think that _______ provides a means for an infant's brain to stimulate itself. -
ANSWER:REM sleep
What does the American Academy of Pediatrics suggest to prevent SIDS? - ANSWER:giving the baby a
pacifier during naps and bedtime
About half of all babies are able to walk independently by ________ months of age. - ANSWER:12
By this time a child is 6 year old, he or she weighs, on average, about ______ pounds and stands
approximately _______ inches tall. - ANSWER:46; 46
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