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NURSING 400 FINAL EXAM COMBINED STUDY GUIDES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NURSING 400 FINAL EXAM COMBINED STUDY GUIDES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NURSING 400 FINAL EXAM COMBINEDSTUDY GUIDES QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Dysphagias-sans--inabilitystosswallowsorsdifficultysinsswallowing
2skeyspointssaboutsDysphagias-sans--
1.s30sminsspriorstosmealstime,sthesptsneedsstosbessittingsats90sdegreesunlesssitsscontraindica
ted
2.sMonitorsforspossibilitysofsaspiration
-s/ssofsaspiration
-Coughing
-Wheezing
-Rednesssofsface
-DecreasesO2ssat
2skeyspointssaboutsNasogastricsTubes-sans--
Usedsforsptswhossufferssfromsdysphagias(difficultysswallowing)
Residualsvolumesmustsalwayssbescheckedsq4hsd/tsrisksforsaspirations***sifstheresissaslargesa
mountsofsresidualsvolume,sthatsmeanssptsissnotsdigestingsthesfoods-sinformsMD**
NasogastricsTubesSuppliess-sans--Nasogastricstube
Irrigationstrays-s60smlssyringe
Asbottlesofssterileswater
lubricant
NGTsinsertions-sans--
1.sMeasuresthestubesfromsthesnosestosthesbacksofsthesearsandsdownsaslittlespasssthesbottoms
ofsthesxiphoidsprocess
2.sMarksthestubes(sharpie)
3.sHavesthespatientsswallowswhilesinsertingsthestubes(withsorswithoutsiceschips)
NGTsplacements-sans--1.sOncesthesNGTsissinserted,saspirates30smLsofsair
,2.sPlacesthesstethoscopesoversthesstomachsandslistenstosthes"wooooosh"ssoundsassyousinje
ctsthesair
3.sIfsnecessary,sgetsansordersforsxsraysforspropersplacement.
NGTsmedicationsadministrations-sans--1.sChecksifsptsissonsanysfluidsrestrictions
2.sChecksgastricsresidualsandsputsitsbacksafter.
3.sMakessurestoskinksthestubessosthatsairswon'tsgosinsthestubes(airscausessbloating)
4.sCrushsmedicationsandsmixswithswatersuntilsdilutedsandspouredsinsthessyringe.s[exceptsent
ericscoatedsorswithsgranuless(Protonix)]
5.sFlushs5-10smLsinsbetweensmedications
6.sFlushs30smLsaftersallsmedicationshassbeensadministered
NGTsremovals-sans--1.sNeedssasdoctor'ssorder
2.sFlushswiths10smLswater/NSsors30-50smLsofsair
3.sHavesptstakesasdeepsbreathswhilesremovingsthestubesquickly
7sRulessaboutsBodysmechanicss-sans---
Alwayssbendstheskneesandshavesaswidesbasesforssupport
-Alwaysspointsyourstoesstosthesdirectionsyou'resgoing
-
Whenstransferringsaspatientstosaschairsorswheelchair,shavesthemsholdsonstosyoursshoulderss
andshavesyoursdominantsfootsinsbetweenstheirslegs.
-Alwaysscounts(1-2-3)soutsloudsandstellsthemshowstospositionsorsmove
themselves.
a.sIfsthespatientsissweakersonsonesside,shavesthemsputstheirsweightsonsthesstrongerssidesbefo
resstandingsup.
b.sTurnsyoursentiresbodysrathersthanspivotingstosavoidshurtingsyoursback
-Whensrespositioningsthespatient,syoushassalwayssmakessurestosavoidshurtingsyourswrists
-Makessuresthesbedsissatsyourshipslevel.s
-Ifsthespatientsisstoosheavy,sasksforshelp.
,Howsdoswesmeasuressyringesgaugessizes?s-sans--
THEsSMALLERsTHEsNUMBER,sTHEsBIGGERsTHEsDIAMETERs(GAUGE)sOFsNEEDLE
IVssitesinspections-sans--
looksatthesIVscathetersinsertionssitesforsredness,sswelling,sorsbruising.sRednessscansindicat
esirritation,sinflammation,sinfection,sorsthrombussformation.s...sAssesssthesconditionsofsthestr
ansparentscathetersdressing.sThesdressingsshouldsbesclean,sdry,sandsadheressecurelystosth
esskinsaroundsthesIVscathetersinsertionssite
Intravenousssitess-sans---Commonssites:
Dorsalsareasofstheshands
Forearm
-AntecubitalsFossa
Uncommonssites
Dorsalsareasofsfeets(needssansorder)
Cephalics(infants)
Intravenousssyringeslengths-sans--NeonatesandsInfants:
19smms(<1sinch)
ChildsandsOldersAdult:
1sinch
Adults:
1-1s¼sinches
Intravenoussguagess-sans--NeonatesandsInfants:
24-26sG
ChildsandsOldersAdults:
22sG
Adults:
18,s20,sands22sG
Intravenoussangles-sans--***sAnglesdependssuponswheresthesIVsinsertionssitesis.
(8)sRightssofsadministrations-sans--1.sRightsPatient
2.sRightsMedication
3.sRightsDose
4.sRightsRoute
5.sRightsTime
6.sRightsReason
7.sRightsResponse
8.sRightsDocumentation
, (Parenteralsroutessofsmedicationsadministration)
Intradermals-sans--1.sMedicationsissinjectedsinsthesdermiss(justsbelowsthesepidermis)
2.sMustsformsas"wheal"
3.sLongestsabsorptionstimesforsparenteralsroutes
4.sDosagesissusuallyslesssthans0.5mL
(Parenteralsroutessofsmedicationsadministration)
Subcutaneuoss-sans--1.sInjectedsinsthesadiposestissue
2.sAbsorptionsissslowstosthescapillaries
3.sDosagesissusuallysnosmoresthans1mL
4.sInjectsslowlyssosmedicationscansdisperses(10ssec/s1smL)
(Parenteralsroutessofsmedicationsadministration)
Intramusculars-sans--Injectedsinsthesmuscle
FastersonsetsthansintradermalsandssubQ
(Parenteralsroutessofsmedicationsadministration)
Intravenouss-sans--Injectedsinsthesvein
Fastestsabsorptionswhichsalsosmeanssfastestsreactionstosmedication
(Parenteralsroutessofsmedicationsadministration)s(7)
Transdermals-sans--1.sAppliedstopicallysonsthesskinsusingsaspatchsthatscontainssmedication
2.sRemovesoldspatchsandswipesofsremnantssofsmedication
3.sCleansandsdrysthesarea
4.sApplyspatchsonsdifferentslocations(sitessmustsbesrotatedstosavoidsskinsirritation)
5.sIfsthesptsisshairy,strimstheshair
6.sLabelsthespatchswithsdate,stime,sandsyousinitials
7.sMostscommonspatchsused:sNitroglycerins-
sasvasodilatorsusedstospreventsanginas(chestspain)sforsptsswithsCADs(CoronarysArterysDisea
se)
Urinaryscatheterizationspreparations-sans--Doctor'ssordersissneededsforsallscatheterizations
Asksforslatexsandsiodinesallergies
GathersappropriatesPPEssupplies
Cleansthesgenitalsareaspriorstosthesprocedure
Assesssthesgenitaliasforsanyslesions,sswelling,sandsskinsbreakdown
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