FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
Trauma to Kiesselbachs plexus: - correct answer Will result in an anterior
nosebleed
The diagnostic or gold standard test for sickle cell anemia, G6PD anemia, and
alpha or beta thalassemia: - correct answer Hemoglobin electrophoresis
Erythromycin "allergy" vs adverse reaction: - correct answer Adverse reaction-
symptoms of nausea or GI upset
allergy -hives, angioedema
Acute mononucleosis: - correct answer Pt will most likely be a teen presenting w
classic triad of sore throat, prolonged fatigue, and enlarged cervical nodes.
Alpha thalassemia: - correct answer More common among Southeast Asians such
as, Indian, Chinese, or Filipino descent
Lupus - correct answer Malar rash(butterfly rash)Pts need to avoid or to minimize
sunlight exposure(photosensitivity)
Tx polymyalgic rheumatica(PMR) - correct answer 1st line tx for PMR includes
long-term steroids. Long term steroids are commonly used to control
symptoms(pain, stiffness on shoulders, and hip girdle). PMR pts have higher risk
for temporal arteritis.
Gold standard exam for temporal arteritis: - correct answer Biopsy of the
temporal artery. refer pt to opthalmologist for mgt
Finkelstein's test: - correct answer Positive in De Quervains tenosynovitis
Anterior Drawer maneuver and Lachman maneuver: - correct answer Positive if
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of knee damaged. The knee may also be unstable
McMurray's sign: - correct answer Positive in meniscus injuries of the knee
Damaged Joints: - correct answer Order X-ray first, but MRI is the Gold Standard
Diabetic retinopathy: - correct answer Neovascularization, hard exudates, cotton
wool spots, and micoaneurysms
Hypertensive retinopathy: - correct answer AV nicking, silver and or copper wire
arterioles
,FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
Checking deep tendon reflexes: - correct answer absent(0),
hypoactive (1)
normal(2)
hyperactive(3)
clonus(4)
Clonus: - correct answer Clonus is typically seen in patients with stroke, multiple
sclerosis, spinal cord damage and hepatic encephalopathy.
Clonus has also appeared after ingesting potent serotonergic drugs, where
ingestion strongly predicts imminent serotonin toxicity (serotonin syndrome).
Clonus is a series of involuntary, rhythmic, muscular contractions and relaxations.
Clonus is a sign of certain neurological conditions, particularly associated with
upper motor neuron lesions involving descending motor pathways, and in many
cases is, accompanied by spasticity (another form of hyperexcitability).Unlike
small, spontaneous twitches known as fasciculations (usually caused by lower
motor neuron pathology), clonus causes large motions that are usually initiated
by a reflex.
A rare but serious adverse effect of ACE inhibitors is: - correct answer
Angioedema
A common side effect of ACE inhibitors is a - correct answer Dry cough(10%)
1st line drug to tx htn in DM & pts w mild renal dz bc of their renal protective
properties: - correct answer ACE inhibitors or ARBS
Penicillin: - correct answer Amoxicillin(broad-spectrum PCN) Penicillin VK
Macrolide: - correct answer Erythromycin, azithromycin(Z-Pack), or
clarithromycin(Biaxin)
Cephalosporins: - correct answer 1st generation(Keflex), 2nd generation(Cefaclor,
Ceftin, Cefzil)3rd generation(Rocephin, Suprax, Omnicef)
Quinolones w gram positive coverage: - correct answer Levofloxacin(Levaquin),
moxifloxacin(Avelox), gatifloxacin(Tequin)
,FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
Quinolones: - correct answer Ciprofloxacin(Cipro), ofloxacin(Floxin)
Sulfa: - correct answer Trimethoprim/sulfamethazole(Bactrim, Septra),
nitrofurantoin(Macrobid),
Tetracyclines: - correct answer Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline(Minocin)
NSAID: - correct answer Ibuprofen, naproxen(aleve, Anaprox)
Cox-2 inhibitors: - correct answer Celecoxib (celebrex)
Antitussives: - correct answer Dextromorphan(Robitussin), benzonate(Tessalon
Perles)
Drugs allowed for pregnant or lactating women: - correct answer Category B
Pregnancy in pain: - correct answer Tylenol instead of Ibuprofen
Avoid nitrofurantoin & sulfa drugs during 3rd trimester: - correct answer Increase
the risk of hyperbilirubinemia
Best way method of spreading viruses or bacteria: - correct answer Making them
airborne or nebulized
Tx cutaneous anthrax: - correct answer Ciprofloxacin 500mg orally BID for 60 days
or 8 weeks. If pt allergic to ciprofloxacin , use doxycycline 100mg BID
Good communication rules: - correct answer Ask open ended questions, do not
reassure patients, avoid angering the patient, and respect the patients culture.
Primary vs secondary: - correct answer "Will performing this action prevent the
disease or the social condition from happening? If it does, then it is considered as
primary prevention(if it doesn, then it is secondary)
Breast self exam and genital self exam: - correct answer Considered secondary
prevention
Tertiary prevention: - correct answer Involves not only rehabilitation, but also
includes actiivities that will help to prevent complications from disease treatment,
such as patient education about medication side effects or the proper use of
equipment such as cane. Support groups for a disease /condition are all
considered as part of a tertiary prevention activity.
, FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
Primary prevention: - correct answer (Prevent disease.injury/condition)-youth
violence prevention, bullying prevention, presonal safety promotion, disease
prevention-immunization, using suncreen, healthy lifestyle promotion, promotion
of OSHA lawas-workplace safety, EPA laws-clean water, anipollution laws
Secondary prevention: - correct answer (Detect disease.condition as Early as
Possible)
any lab test to screen disease, US preventive Services Task Force-screening rec-
mammograms, PSA, PPD, screening for high risk behaviour-suicide, depression,
personal action to detect cancer
Tertiary prevention: - correct answer (Limiting Further harm and disability)
All types of rehabilitation-cardiac, pt/ot, speech therapy, addition/drug rehab,
support groups, exercise for an obese person
Clue cells: - correct answer Mature squamous epithelial cells with numerous
bacteria noted on the cell borders(bacterial vaginosis)
Bacterial Vaginosis: - correct answer Has a alkaline pH(vagina normally has an
acidic pH of 4.0) BV is the only vaginal condition with the only alkaline pH for the
exam. BV is not considered an STD(it is imbalance of vaginal bacteria-sex partner
does not need to be treated. The microscopy slide will have very few WBC and
large number clue cells.
Candida vaginal discharge: - correct answer White in color with a thick and curd
like consistency. it frequently causes redness and itching in the vulvovagina due to
inflammation
Microscopy in candidiasis: - correct answer Will show a large number of WBC,
pseudohyphae, and spores(saghetti and meatballs)
Candida yeast: - correct answer Normal flora of gastrointestinal tract and in some
womens vaginas
Trichomonas infection: - correct answer Vaginal discharge is copious, bubbly, and
green in color. It causes a lot of inflammation resulting in itching and redness of
the vulvvagina. It is considered a sexually transmitted infection. The sex partner
needs treatment.
