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Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Jacquelyn L. Banasik Chapter 1-54
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Test Bank For Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Jacquelyn L.Banasik Chapter 1-54 |9780323761550| All Chapters with
Answers and Rationals
Which of the following relate to a change in cell size? Select all that apply.
A. Metaplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Dysplasia
E. Hypertrophy - ANSWER: C and E
An echocardiogram reveals Charles, an ultramarathon runner, has an enlarged left ventricle. As this
increase in ventricle size is supported by increased blood flow and ATP production due to the training
Charles has undertaken this increase in heart size demonstrates _______________.
A. Physiological hyperplasia
B. Pathological hypertrophy
C. Physiological hypertrophy
D. Benign neoplasia
E. Pathological metaplasia - ANSWER: C. Physiological hypertrophy
A friend comes to you concerned, as her recent Pap tests revealed the presence of cervical dysplasia.
Which of the following response to your friend's comment is correct?
A. Dysplasia is basically the same as cancer
B. Dysplasia indicates a change in the cellular appearance
C. Dysplasia indicates cancer cells have metastasized
D. Dysplasia indicates a benign form of cancerous growth
E. Dysplasia indicates one cell type has been replaced by another cell type - ANSWER: B. Dysplasia
indicates a change in the cellular appearance
Cell injury occurs when cells are exposed to severe stress that no longer allows them to maintain
homeostasis. What basic changes occur as a result of cell injury? Select all that apply.
A. Inadequate oxygen diffusion at the alveoli
B. Increase in mitochondria number
C. Cellular swelling
D. Defects in protein synthesis
E. Dysfunction of the sodium-potassium pump - ANSWER: C. Cellular swelling, D. Defects in protein
synthesis, & E. Dysfunction in the sodium potassium pump
Which of the following are examples of necrosis? Select all that apply.
A. Cellular turnover at the surface of the skin
B. Third-degree burn
C. Changes in ovarian cells during menopause
D. Myocardial cell damage caused by myocardial infarction
E. Cell death caused by exposure to snake venom - ANSWER: B. Third-degree burn, D. Myocardial cell
damage caused by myocardial infarction, & E. Cell death caused by exposure to snake venom
Where does transcription take place? - ANSWER: Nucleus
Where does translation take place? - ANSWER: Cytoplasm
At the end of mitosis how many chromosomes are there?
A. 23
B. 46
C. 52
, D. 21 - ANSWER: B. 46
Which statement is true for meiosis?
A. Meiosis occurs from the splitting of haploid cells
B. Meiosis creates 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes
C. Meiosis creates somatic cells
D. Meiosis creates gametes - ANSWER: D. Meiosis creates gametes
What is this an example of: Blonde hair, blue eyes, pale skin, short stature, etc. - ANSWER: Phenotype
What is this an example of: Sickle cell disease, Down's Syndrome - ANSWER: Genotype
Which statement is true about x-linked recessive
A. The trait is seen more in females
B. The father always gives the trait to the son
C. Females cannot carry the trait
D. The gene is passed from affected fathers to all daughters - ANSWER: D. The gene is passed from
affected fathers to all daughters
What is etiology? - ANSWER: Original cause of a cellular alteration or disease
What is histology? - ANSWER: Microscopic study of tissues and cells
What are pathognomonic changes? - ANSWER: Unique histological findings that represent distinct
disease processes
Atrophy: - ANSWER: ADAPTATION in which cells revert to a smaller size as a result of their changing
metabolic requirements or environment
Hypertrophy: - ANSWER: Increase in individual cell size that results in enlargement of functioning
tissue mass --> greater metabolic demand and energy needs
What is an example of physiological hypertrophy? - ANSWER: Increased muscle mass due to exercise;
muscle is adequately supplied with blood due to angiogenesis
What is pathological hypertrophy? - ANSWER: Increase in cellular size without an increase in the
supportive structures necessary for the enlarged cell's increased metabolic needs
What is an example of pathological hypertrophy? - ANSWER: Hypertension
What is hyperplasia and where does it occur? - ANSWER: Increase in the number of cells in a tissue or
organ; occurs in cells that are capable of undergoing mitotic division
What is metaplasia? - ANSWER: Replacement of one cell type by another cell type
Metaplasia often occurs in response to what? - ANSWER: Chronic inflammation
What is dysplasia? - ANSWER: Deranged cellular growth within a specific tissue; due to chronic
inflammation or a precancerous condition
What is neoplasia? - ANSWER: New growth that is usually disorganized, uncoordinated, uncontrolled
proliferative cell growth that is cancerous; tumor=neoplasm
What are examples of cellular injury? - ANSWER: 1. Dysfunction of Na/K Pump
2. Loss of Plasma Membrane Integrity
3. Defects in Protein Synthesis Ability
4. Intracellular Accumulations
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