Grade 12 Physical Sciences (Term 3) Summaries. These summaries are composed using the Platinum textbooks' work with examples and supplementary notes.
The summaries cover the following topics:
* Electric Circuits.
* Electrodynamics.
* Optical Phenomena and Properties of Materials.
...
Series-Parallel Circuits
Internal Resistance
• Series circuit – same current flows through
• Ohm’s Law: relationship between circuit every circuit element and sum of V across
resistance (R), voltage across battery (V), every circuit element = V across battery.
and current (I). • For 3 resistors in series: Rs = R1 + R2 + R3
• R= 𝐼
𝑉
• Parallel circuit – same voltage across every
• Emf of battery – energy required per unit element and sum of currents through each
charge to move charges inside battery from element = battery current.
1 1 1 1
one terminal to the other. • For 3 resistors in parallel: R = R + R + R
p 1 2 3
• Emf is the reading on voltmeter across • Series-parallel circuit – circuit consisting of 1
battery when the battery isn’t connected to or more resistors in series with one or more
C11:
Sample
circuit. parallel networks of resistors.
• Terminal voltage – voltage across battery • Short circuit – circuit with very low resistance
when battery is connected.
U1: Internal
path available for current to flow along
• V lower than emf. Resistance & Series- instead of flowing through higher resistance
• Internal resistance (r) – resistance of elements.
Parallel Networks
battery. • Open circuit – there’s a break that prevents
Summaries after sample
• ϵ = Vload + Vinternal resistance or ϵ = IRexternal + Ir
How to Connect Meters Safely
current flow through that part of the circuit.
• Step 1: Connect positive side of meter closest
to positive terminal of battery.
• Step 2: If more than 1 scale – connect largest
scale first.
• Step 3: If reading is smaller than minimum
value on smaller scale – change connector to
smaller scale.
, Series-Parallel Circuits
Internal Resistance
• Series circuit – same current flows through
• Ohm’s Law: relationship between circuit every circuit element and sum of V across
resistance (R), voltage across battery (V), every circuit element = V across battery.
and current (I). • For 3 resistors in series: Rs = R1 + R2 + R3
• R= 𝐼
𝑉
• Parallel circuit – same voltage across every
• Emf of battery – energy required per unit element and sum of currents through each
charge to move charges inside battery from element = battery current.
1 1 1 1
one terminal to the other. • For 3 resistors in parallel: R = R + R + R
p 1 2 3
• Emf is the reading on voltmeter across • Series-parallel circuit – circuit consisting of 1
battery when the battery isn’t connected to or more resistors in series with one or more
circuit. C11: parallel networks of resistors.
• Terminal voltage – voltage across battery • Short circuit – circuit with very low resistance
when battery is connected.
U1: Internal
path available for current to flow along
• V lower than emf. Resistance & Series- instead of flowing through higher resistance
• Internal resistance (r) – resistance of elements.
Parallel Networks
battery. • Open circuit – there’s a break that prevents
• ϵ = Vload + Vinternal resistance or ϵ = IRexternal + Ir current flow through that part of the circuit.
How to Connect Meters Safely
• Step 1: Connect positive side of meter closest
to positive terminal of battery.
• Step 2: If more than 1 scale – connect largest
scale first.
• Step 3: If reading is smaller than minimum
value on smaller scale – change connector to
smaller scale.
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller SummariesSA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.86. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
