Exam (elaborations)
2024 PATHO TEST BANK EXAM 2 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
2024 PATHO TEST BANK EXAM 2 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
2024 PATHO TEST BANK EXAM 2WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
The overall goal of treating HLD is: - CORRECT-ANSWERSTo reduce
atherogenesis
Omega 3 fatty acids are best used to treat: - CORRECT-ANSWERSHigh
triglycerides
In which of the following patient situations would a physician be most
justified in preliminarily ruling out pericarditis as a contributing pathology to
the patient's health problems? - CORRECT-ANSWERSA 77-year-old with
diminished S3 and S4 heart tones, irregular heart rate and history of a-fib
Patients with COPD require monitoring of - CORRECT-ANSWERSBeta-2-
agonist use
One of the three types of heart failure involves systolic dysfunction. Potential
causes of this most common form of heart failure include:
A. Myocardial ischemia and injury secondary to myocardial infarction
B. Inadequate relaxation and loss of muscle fiber secondary to valvular
dysfunction
C. Increased demands of the heart beyond its ability to adapt secondary to
anemia
D. Slower filling rate and elevated systolic pressures secondary to
uncontrolled hypertension - CORRECT-ANSWERSMyocardial ischemia and
injury secondary to myocardial infarction
Diagnosis of heart failure cannot be made by s/s alone because many
disorders share the same symptoms. The most specific and sensitive
diagnostic test for heart failure is: - CORRECT-ANSWERS2D echo that identify
structural anomalies and cardiac dysfunction
Heart failure is a chronic condition that can be adequately managed in
primary care. However, consultation with or referral to a cardiologist is
appropriate when: - CORRECT-ANSWERSAny of the above: s/s markedly
worsen or the pt becomes hypotensive and has syncope
There is evidence of progressive renal insufficiency or failure
Patient remains symptomatic on optimal doses of an ACEI, BB and diuretic
,What can chest x-rays contribute to the dx and management of HF? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSThey provide an idea of general cardiac size and
pulmonary great vessel distribution
Following cardiac surgery, the nurse suspects the patient may be developing
a cardiac tamponade. Which of the following clinical manifestations would
support this diagnosis? - CORRECT-ANSWERSMuffled heart tones, narrowed
pulse pressure and low BP 84/60
Cardiac tamponade results in increased intracardiac pressure, progressive
limitation of ventricular diastolic filling and decrease SV and CO
Which of the following phenomena would be most likely to accompany
increased myocardial oxygen demand? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncreased aortic
pressure
Results in rise in afterload, wall tension, ultimately MVO2
Which of the following teaching points would be most appropriate for a group
of older adults who are concerned about their cardiac health? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe plaque that builds up in your heart vessels obstructs the
normal flow of blood and can even break loose and lodge itself in a vessel
Stable plaque is associated with obstruction of blood flow, while unstable
plaque may dislodge and result in thrombus formation
Four patients were admitted to the emergency department with severe chest
pain. All were given preliminary treatment with aspirin, morphine, oxygen,
and nitrates and were monitored by ECG. Which patient most likely
experienced myocardial infarction? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAn 80-year-old
woman whose pain started at 6am shortly after awakening and was not
relieved by nitrates or rest; the ECG showed St-segment elevation with
inverted T waves and abnormal Q waves; levels of cardiac markers
subsequently rose
The chest pain of MI does not respond to rest or nitrates
Which of the following statements provides blood work results and rationale
that would be most closely associated with acute coronary syndrome? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSElevated creatinine kinase and troponin, both of which
normally exist intracellularly rather than in circulation
Myocardial necrosis releases creatinine kinase and troponin that normally
exist intracellularly
A number of clients have presented to the emergency department in the last
32 hours with complaints that preliminarily indicative of MI, which of the
, following clients is least likely to have a STEMI? - CORRECT-ANSWERSA 71-
year-old man who has most skin, fever and chest pain that is excruciating
when he moves but relieved when at rest
STEMI pain not normally relieved by rest, nor would fever be a common
symptom
Following a STEMI, the nurse should be assessing the pt for which of the
following complications? - CORRECT-ANSWERSLarge amount of pink, frothy
sputum and new onset of murmur
A 78-year-old man has been experiencing nocturnal chest pain over the last
several months, and his family physician diagnosed him with variant angina.
Which of the following teaching points should the physician include in his
explanation of the man's new diagnosis? - CORRECT-ANSWERSI'm going to
start you on a low-dose aspirin, and it will help greatly if you can lose weight
and keep exercising.
An IV drug abuser walks into the ED telling the nurse that, "he is sick". He
looks feverish with flushed, moist skin; dehydrated with dry lips/mucous
membranes; and fatigued. The assessment reveals a loud murmur. An echo
was ordered that shows large vegetation growing on his mitral valve. The
patient is admitted to the ICU. The nurse will be assessing this patient for
which possible life-threatening complications? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSystemic
emboli, especially to the brain
Systemic emboli develop and break off the mitral valve and travel into the
vascular system
A 34-year-old man who is an IV drug user has presented to the ED with
malaise, abdominal pain & lethargy. The health care team wants to rule out
endocarditis as a diagnosis. Staff of the department would most realistically
anticipate which of the following sets of diagnostics? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSEcho, blood cx and temperature.
Echo helps visualize the heart, while blood cx would confirm presence or
absence of microorganisms in the circulation, and temperature would gauge
presence of infection.
A 66-year-old obese man with diagnoses of ischemic heart disease has been
diagnosed with heart failure that his care team has characterized as
attributable to systolic dysfunction. Which of the following assessment
findings is inconsistent with his diagnosis? - CORRECT-ANSWERSVentricular
dilation and wall tension are significantly lower than normal.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Elitaa. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77333 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now