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2024 RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - FINAL EXAM REVIEW WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - FINAL EXAM REVIEW WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 RASMUSSENPATHOPHYSIOLOGY - FINAL EXAM
REVIEW WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Aldosterone primarily affects which of the following?
A) Carbohydrate metabolism
B) Protein and fat metabolism
C) Salt and water metabolism
D) Protein and water metabolism - CORRECT-ANSWERSC) Salt and water
metabolism
Select all that apply. Which lab values are incorrect?
A. Na+ 135-145
B. K+ 2.3-2.9
C. Mg 1.8-2.4
D. Calcium 2-3 - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. K+ 2.3-2.9
D. Calcium 2-3
A patient presents to the emergency department complaining of severe
chest pain. Upon examination, you note a temperature of 102.5ºF, white
blood count of 20,000, and a pericardial friction rub. You should expect which
of the following?
A) Infective endocarditis
B) Cardiac tamponade
C) Myocarditis
D) Pericarditis - CORRECT-ANSWERSD) Pericarditis
On an electrocardiogram (EKG), the P wave represents which of the
following?
A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular depolarization
C) Atrial repolarization
D) Ventricular repolarization - CORRECT-ANSWERSA) Atrial depolarization
What electrolyte, if too high or low, can cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Mg
B. Na+
C. K+
D. Ca - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. K+
,Which of the following cardiac valve abnormalities occurs most frequently in
young women?
A) Aortic stenosis caused by calcification of the aortic valve
B) Mitral stenosis caused by scarring resulting from a previous episode of
acute rheumatic fever
C) Mitral valve prolapse
D) Aortic valve incompetence (aortic insufficiency) caused by previous
rheumatic fever
E) Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHHS) - CORRECT-ANSWERSC)
Mitral valve prolapse
Why do cardiac enzymes rise after an acute myocardial infarction?
A) White cells are attracted to the site of muscle injury.
B) Injured fibers increase their synthesis of cardiac muscle enzymes.
C) Cardiac enzymes leak from the damaged muscle fibers into the
bloodstream.
D) Blood flow to the injured muscle is increased. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC)
Cardiac enzymes leak from the damaged muscle fibers into the bloodstream.
Which of the following individuals is the most likely to have a silent
myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) A young male
B) A middle-aged female
C) A pregnant female
D) A male diagnosed with diabetes mellitus - CORRECT-ANSWERSD) A male
diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
The nurse recognizes which of the following as the most critical assessment
finding when caring for the patient at risk for hypovolemic shock?
A) Flushed, warm skin
B) Decreased urine output
C) Bounding peripheral pulse
D) Temperature decrease - CORRECT-ANSWERSB) Decreased urine output
A patient has ABGS as follows: pH 7.28, PaC02 59, HC03 24, PaO2 85. This
would be diagnosed as
A. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia
B. Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia
C. Metabolic acidosis with hypoxemia
D. Metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Respiratory
acidosis with hypoxemia
This type of cell is found in all the tissues of the body, and as part of the
inflammatory response, releases histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
A. Leukocyte
,B. Mast cell
C. CD4 helper cell
D. Macrophage - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Mast cell
An increase in the size of cells in an organ is known as
A. Neoplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Apoptosis - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Hyperplasia
The organelle in the cell that is responsible for producing ATP (Adenosine
triphosphate) is the
A. Golgi body
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondria - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Mitochondria
Homeostasis is defined as:
A. A state of equilibrium in an organism
B. A blood clotting mechanism
C. Part of the inflammatory process
D. Cellular adaptation - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. A state of equilibrium in an
organism
A benign tumor usually metastasizes.
A. True
B. False - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. False
A malignant growth tends to produce (SAA)
A. Anaplastic cells
B. Metastatic tumors
C. Undifferentiated cells
D. Cells that invade the basement membrane of an organ - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAll of the above
The ion imbalance that is responsible for raising or lowering the pH is:
A. Potassium
B. Hydrogen
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Hydrogen
This cell engulfs bacteria and destroys them:
A. Phagocyte
B. Neutrophil
C. Granulocyte
D. Eosinophil - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Phagocyte
, This type of WBC is usually elevated with nasal allergies
A. Basophil
B. Mast cells
C. Macrophage
D. Neutrophil - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Basophil
The patient's WBC count is 18. This would indicate:
A. Anemia
B. Allergic reaction
C. Infection
D. Anemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. Infection
The first stage of the GAS syndrome results in (Select all that apply)
A. Epinephrine release
B. Constriction of pupils
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Bradycardia
E. Tachycardia - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Epinephrine release
C. Increased blood pressure
E. Tachycardia
An example of artificially acquired active immunity would be
A. An influenza vaccination
B. A tetanus antitoxin after stepping on rusty metal
C. Taking an antibiotic for an infection
D. An IV infusion of IgG - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. An influenza vaccination
A low count of this type of cell may indicate that HIV has progressed to AIDS.
A. T cells
B. CD4 helper cells
C. B cells
D. Complement complexes - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. CD4 helper cells
B cells mature in the _________________, T cells mature in the ________________.
A. Hypothalamus, thymus
B. Thymus, Endocrine glands
C. Bone marrow, thymus
D. Cardiovascular system, respiratory system - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. Bone
marrow, thymus
This makes the body's temperature elevate in response to macrophages that
have been exposed to bacteria.
A. Leukocytes
B. Pyrogens
C. Interferons
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