, • (hardening of ventricle (pressure) causes sound) - use BELL over APEX
- Physiologic: (hardly ever) 40-50 y/o after exercise.
- Pathologic: HTN, CAD, Cardiomyopathy, obstruction of blood (aortic stenosis and
ventricular hypertrophy)
- S4 occurs just before S1
Additional History: Infants, Children and Pregnant Women - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Infants
• Maternal health: How was mother's health during pregnancy?
• Feeding pattern: Any cyanotic changes during nursing or crying?
• Growth and activity: Meeting developmental outcomes?
Children Growth and activity: Meeting developmental outcomes? Evidence of any chest
pain? History of respiratory infections Significant family history—genetic abnormalities
Pregnant women HTN during pregnancy? Associated clinical symptoms—proteinuria,
weight gain, edema? Experiencing faintness or dizziness?
Cardiac Cycle - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Cardiac Cycle - Refers to filling and emptying of the
heart's chambers
Diastole (RELAXATION of the ventricles) - filling
Lasts 2/3 of the cycle
AV valves open, ventricles relax, blood rushes in
Rapid early filling (PROTODIASTOLIC)
Atria contracts (ATRIAL KICK) - last kick by the atria
Systole (CONTRACTION of the ventricles) - emptying
Lasts 1/3 of the cycle
Pressure in Vent > Atria
AV Valves close (S1)
Beginning of systole & all four valves are closed and ventricles contract
Higher pressure in ventricles and Aortic and Pulmonic valves open - Blood ejected
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller docwayne5. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.