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2024 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 PRACTICE PROBLEMS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 PRACTICE PROBLEMS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1PRACTICE PROBLEMS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of
his liver. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to ___________ of
the remaining liver cells.
A. Metaplasia
B. Organ atrophy
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Physiologic hyperplasia - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
After studying about viruses, which information indicates the student has a
good understanding of viruses? Viruses:
A. Contain no RNA or DNA
B. Are capable of independent reproduction
C. Replicate their genetic material inside host cells
D. Are killed easily by antimicrobials - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
After studying about fungi, which information indicates a correct
understanding of fungi? Fungi causing deep or systemic infections:
A. Are easily treated with penicillin
B. Are extremely rare
C. Never occur with other infections
D. Are commonly opportunistic - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
What common symptom should be assessed in individuals with
immunodeficiency?
,A. Anemia
B. Recurrent infections
C. Hypersensitivity
D. Autoantibody production - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
An older adult patient comes to the clinic complaining of not being able to do
what he used to be able to. You know that normal changes associated with
aging include: (Select all that apply.)
A. Improved blood flow
B. Slowed metabolic rate
C. Decreased brain weight
D. Improved nerve fiber conduction
E. Less respiratory capacity - CORRECT-ANSWERSB, C, E
A 20-year-old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for
a scheduled Pap smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will
examine cell samples for evidence of:
A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
B. Presence of unexpected cell types
C. Ischemic changes in cell sample
D. Abnormally high numbers of cells - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
The parents of a 4-year-old girl have sought care because their daughter has
admitted to chewing and swallowing imported toy figurines that have been
determined to be made of lead. Which of the following blood tests should the
care team prioritize?
A. White blood cell levels with differential
B. Red blood cell levels and morphology
C. Urea and creatinine levels
D. Liver function panel - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
Lead -> anemia, RBC lysis
You know it's not A because there is no infection involved. C is focused on
kidney function while D is focused on liver function. Both of these would be
important in the case of lead poisoning BUT the priority answer is B, because
you need first to address the most life-threatening patient needs. The little
girl in this question can go into shock or suffer permanent organ damage if
her RBCs are low.
, A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has developed signs of dry
gangrene on the great toe of one foot. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
A. Inappropriate activation of apoptosis
B. Bacterial invasion
C. Impaired arterial blood supply
D. Metaplastic cellular changes - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
Remember that it's not C because to have gangrene, you must have
infection
Although stress exposure initiates integrated responses by multiple systems,
the most important changes are first activated by which system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Gastrointestinal
C. Neuroendocrine
D. Cardiovascular - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
Which manifestation of stress reflects the non-specific fight or flight
response?
A. Decreased pupillary light response
B. Increased GI motility
C. Decreased short-term memory
D. Increased cardiopulmonary rates - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
This would fall under physiologic responses to stress!! Slide 25 in your
lecture powerpoint
Stress-induced cortisol hormone secretion is associated with:
A. Increased growth hormone level
B. Regulation of the stress response
C. Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone
D. Depressed adrenal gland function - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
You know it's not A because I mentioned in an earlier slide that growth
hormone levels decrease with stress. We didn't mention thyroid-stimulating
hormone as one of the ones associated with the stress repsonse so you can
pretty much assume that's not right. And we know adrenal function is not
depressed because ACTH from the anterior pituitary stimulates the adrenal
glands to release cortisol.
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