What is rhinosinusitis?- inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and mucous membranes - usually starts viral, then becomes bacterial as secondary infection - lasts 7-10 days - inflammation of ciliated membranes blocks drainage and leads to infection
Symptoms of rhinosinusitis- nasal...
NUR 334 Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers
What is rhinosinusitis?✅- inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and
mucous membranes
- usually starts viral, then becomes bacterial as secondary infection
- lasts 7-10 days
- inflammation of ciliated membranes blocks drainage and leads to infection
Symptoms of rhinosinusitis✅- nasal congestion
- cough
- bronchial secretions
Non-pharmacological treatment for rhinosinusitis✅- rest
- increased fluids
- humidified air
What is a nasal decongestant drug?✅pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Others in this class: oxymetazoline (Afrin), phenylephrine (Vazculep)
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)✅- produces vasoconstriction of arterioles and reduces
blood flow to congested nasal passages, acts on the rest of the body too
- acts directly on adrenergic receptors, indirectly releases norepinephrine and causes
constriction
What else can be stimulated with pseudoephedrine?✅- SNS, can stimulate fight or
flight
- high doses can irritate the heart
What precautions should be taken with older adults and pseudoephedrine?✅risk for
falls, hypertension, urine retention
Side effects of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)✅- hypotension
- dysrhythmia
- dizziness/impaired coordination
- headache
- insomnia
- urinary retention
- seizures
Contraindications of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)✅- CAD
- severe hypertension
, - dysrhythmias
- tricyclic or MAO inhibitors
- antidepressants
What are antitussives?✅- cough suppressants
- used for dry non-productive hacking cough
- not all coughs should be suppressed such as with PNA
What are the antitussive drugs?✅- dextromethorphan (DM)
- benzoate (Tessalon)
- codeine
- hydrocodone
Action of dextromethorphan (DM)✅depresses cough center in the medulla oblongata
and/or cough receptors in the throat
Side effects of dextromethorphan (DM)✅- nausea
- drowsiness
- rash
- difficulty breathing
- hallucinations with excessive amounts
Action of benzoate (Tessalon)✅peripherally acting antitussive, acts by anesthetizing
stretch receptors in the respiratory system therefor decreasing coughing
What are the expectorant drugs?✅Guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)
What do expectorants do?✅loosen bronchial secretions so they can be removed by
coughing
Side effects of expectorants✅- rash
- headache
- nausea/vomiting
What are some nonprescription cold, cough and sinus drugs?✅- Advil
- Comtrex
- Contac
- Coricidin
- Motrin
- Robitussin
- Sinutab
- Theraflu
- Vicks nyquil
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